महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-54, verse-20

तमभिद्रुत्य कौन्तेयः क्रोधसंरक्तलोचनः ।
कामयन्द्वैरथे युद्धमिदं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥२०॥

20. tamabhidrutya kaunteyaḥ krodhasaṁraktalocanaḥ ,
kāmayandvairathe yuddhamidaṁ vacanamabravīt.

20. tam abhidrutya kaunteyaḥ krodhasaṃraktalocanaḥ
kāmayan dvairathe yuddham idam vacanam abravīt

20. Arjuna, his eyes reddened with anger, rushed towards him, desiring a duel, and spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to Karna) (him, that)

• अभिद्रुत्य (abhidrutya) - having rushed towards (Karna) (having rushed towards, having attacked)

• कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Arjuna, son of Kunti (son of Kunti)

• क्रोधसंरक्तलोचनः (krodhasaṁraktalocanaḥ) - with eyes reddened by anger

• कामयन् (kāmayan) - desiring (a duel) (desiring, wishing)

• द्वैरथे (dvairathe) - a duel (referring to a chariot duel) (a duel between two chariots, a combat of two chariots)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - a battle (duel) (battle, fight)

• इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - these words (speech, word, statement)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (these words) (he spoke, he said)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (referring to Karna) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभिद्रुत्य (abhidrutya) - having rushed towards (Karna) (having rushed towards, having attacked)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'dru' with upasarga 'abhi', ending with '-tya'

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Arjuna, son of Kunti (son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti

Derived from Kunti by adding -eya

क्रोधसंरक्तलोचनः (krodhasaṁraktalocanaḥ) - with eyes reddened by anger

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodhasaṃraktalocana

krodhasaṁraktalocana - with eyes reddened by anger

Compound type : bahuvrihi (krodha+saṃrakta+locana)

• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṛdh (class 4)
• saṃrakta – reddened, crimson, highly colored
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'rañj' with upasarga 'sam'
  Prefix: sam
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• locana – eye, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  Root: loc (class 10)

Note: Adjective for Kaunteyaḥ

कामयन् (kāmayan) - desiring (a duel) (desiring, wishing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāmayat

kāmayat - desiring, wishing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'kam' (causative/denom.)

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Participle, agrees with Kaunteyaḥ

द्वैरथे (dvairathe) - a duel (referring to a chariot duel) (a duel between two chariots, a combat of two chariots)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dvairatha

dvairatha - combat between two chariots, a duel

Note: Used here as locative 'in a chariot duel'.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - a battle (duel) (battle, fight)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'yudh'

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Direct object of kāmayan

इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Agrees with `vacanam`

वचनम् (vacanam) - these words (speech, word, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, statement

From root 'vac'

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Direct object of abravīt

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (these words) (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Root 'brū', 2nd class, 'a' prefix indicates imperfect.