महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-4, chapter-34, verse-4
स लभेयं यदि त्वन्यं हययानविदं नरम् ।
त्वरावानद्य यात्वाहं समुच्छ्रितमहाध्वजम् ॥४॥
त्वरावानद्य यात्वाहं समुच्छ्रितमहाध्वजम् ॥४॥
4. sa labheyaṁ yadi tvanyaṁ hayayānavidaṁ naram ,
tvarāvānadya yātvāhaṁ samucchritamahādhvajam.
tvarāvānadya yātvāhaṁ samucchritamahādhvajam.
4.
saḥ labheyam yadi tu anyam hayayānavidam naram
tvarāvān adya yātvā aham samucchritamahādhvajam
tvarāvān adya yātvā aham samucchritamahādhvajam
4.
If I can indeed obtain another man skilled in horses and chariots, then I, being swift, will go today towards that (enemy) with the high, great banner.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सः (saḥ) - I (referring to the speaker) (he, that (person))
- लभेयम् (labheyam) - I may obtain, I might gain
- यदि (yadi) - if
- तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)
- अन्यम् (anyam) - another (man) (other, another)
- हययानविदम् (hayayānavidam) - skilled in horses and chariots (knowing about horses and chariots, expert in horses and chariots)
- नरम् (naram) - man, person
- त्वरावान् (tvarāvān) - being swift (referring to the speaker) (swift, quick, agile)
- अद्य (adya) - today
- यात्वा (yātvā) - having gone
- अहम् (aham) - I
- समुच्छ्रितमहाध्वजम् (samucchritamahādhvajam) - towards that (enemy/chariot) with a high, great banner (having a very high great banner)
Words meanings and morphology
सः (saḥ) - I (referring to the speaker) (he, that (person))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
लभेयम् (labheyam) - I may obtain, I might gain
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of labh
Optative
first person singular optative active of √labh
Root: labh (class 1)
यदि (yadi) - if
(indeclinable)
तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)
(indeclinable)
अन्यम् (anyam) - another (man) (other, another)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of anya
anya - other, another, different
हययानविदम् (hayayānavidam) - skilled in horses and chariots (knowing about horses and chariots, expert in horses and chariots)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of hayayānavid
hayayānavid - knowing about horses and chariots, expert in horses and chariots
agent noun from root
From haya-yāna (horses and chariots) + √vid (to know)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (haya+yāna+vid)
- haya – horse
noun (masculine) - yāna – vehicle, chariot, journey
noun (neuter)
from √yā (to go)
Root: yā (class 2) - vid – knowing, knower
adjective (masculine)
agent noun from root
from √vid (to know)
Root: vid (class 2)
नरम् (naram) - man, person
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of nara
nara - man, person
त्वरावान् (tvarāvān) - being swift (referring to the speaker) (swift, quick, agile)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarāvat
tvarāvat - swift, quick, agile, endowed with haste
From tvarā (haste) + matup suffix
अद्य (adya) - today
(indeclinable)
यात्वा (yātvā) - having gone
(indeclinable)
Absolutive
Absolutive from √yā (to go)
Root: yā (class 2)
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of aham
aham - I
समुच्छ्रितमहाध्वजम् (samucchritamahādhvajam) - towards that (enemy/chariot) with a high, great banner (having a very high great banner)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of samucchritamahādhvaja
samucchritamahādhvaja - having a very high great banner
Compound: sam-ucchrita (highly raised) + mahā (great) + dhvaja (banner).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sam+ucchrita+mahā+dhvaja)
- sam – together, completely
indeclinable
prefix - ucchrita – raised, elevated, high
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from ut + √śri (to raise)
Prefix: ud
Root: śri (class 1) - mahā – great, large
adjective
feminine form of mahat used in compounds - dhvaja – banner, flag
noun (masculine)
Note: Accusative singular, possibly describing an implied target like 'enemy army'.