महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-34, verse-13

धनुष्यनवरश्चासीत्तस्य शिष्यो महात्मनः ।
दृष्टपूर्वो मया वीर चरन्त्या पाण्डवान्प्रति ॥१३॥

13. dhanuṣyanavaraścāsīttasya śiṣyo mahātmanaḥ ,
dṛṣṭapūrvo mayā vīra carantyā pāṇḍavānprati.

13. dhanuṣi anavaraḥ ca āsīt tasya śiṣyaḥ mahātmanaḥ
dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ mayā vīra carantyā pāṇḍavān prati

13. And he was an excellent disciple of that great-souled (mahātman) individual in archery. O hero, I had seen him before when I was traveling towards the Pāṇḍavas.

Words meanings summery:

• धनुषि (dhanuṣi) - in archery, in the bow

• अनवरः (anavaraḥ) - not inferior, excellent, supreme

• च (ca) - and, also

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

• शिष्यः (śiṣyaḥ) - disciple, student

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one, of the noble one

• दृष्टपूर्वः (dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ) - seen before, previously seen

• मया (mayā) - by me

• वीर (vīra) - O hero!

• चरन्त्या (carantyā) - by the wandering (feminine), while wandering

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against, concerning

Words meanings and morphology

धनुषि (dhanuṣi) - in archery, in the bow

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, archery

Note: Denotes the sphere of activity.

अनवरः (anavaraḥ) - not inferior, excellent, supreme

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anavara

anavara - not inferior, unsurpassed, excellent

Compound of 'an' (negation) + 'avara' (inferior).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+avara)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
• avara – inferior, lower, younger
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'śiṣyaḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Linking verb.

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Arjuna (in disguise as Bṛhannaḍā).

शिष्यः (śiṣyaḥ) - disciple, student

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, student, pupil

From √śās (to teach, instruct).

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for the implied subject (he, referring to the charioteer from the previous verse).

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one, of the noble one

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, great self (ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes whose disciple he was (referring to Arjuna's guru, likely Droṇa or Kṛpa).

दृष्टपूर्वः (dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ) - seen before, previously seen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭapūrva

dṛṣṭapūrva - seen before, previously experienced

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dṛṣṭa+pūrva)

• dṛṣṭa – seen, perceived
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Past passive participle of √dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• pūrva – former, previous, before
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Agent in passive construction with dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ.

वीर (vīra) - O hero!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Addressed to the listener.

चरन्त्या (carantyā) - by the wandering (feminine), while wandering

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of carant

carant - moving, wandering, performing

present active participle

Present participle of √car (to move, wander).

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Feminine instrumental form, agreeing with 'mayā' (understood agent, as 'mayā' is female).

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, one of the Pāṇḍavas

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

Note: Object of 'prati'.

प्रति (prati) - towards, against, concerning

(indeclinable)

Note: Preposition governing the accusative.