महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-99, verse-19

तेषां तु तत्र क्रमकालयोगाद्घोरा मतिश्चिन्तयतां बभूव ।
ये सन्ति विद्यातपसोपपन्नास्तेषां विनाशः प्रथमं तु कार्यः ॥१९॥

19. teṣāṁ tu tatra kramakālayogā;dghorā matiścintayatāṁ babhūva ,
ye santi vidyātapasopapannā;steṣāṁ vināśaḥ prathamaṁ tu kāryaḥ.

19. teṣām tu tatra kramakālayogāt
ghorā matiḥ cintayatām babhūva
ye santi vidyātapasopapannāḥ
teṣām vināśaḥ prathamam tu kāryaḥ

19. As they pondered there, a dreadful thought arose in them, prompted by the opportune alignment of circumstances. They decided: 'First, those who are endowed with knowledge and asceticism (tapas) must be destroyed.'

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, for them

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then

• क्रमकालयोगात् (kramakālayogāt) - due to the combination of sequence and time, by the opportune alignment of circumstances

• घोरा (ghorā) - dreadful, terrible, fierce

• मतिः (matiḥ) - a dreadful idea (thought, intellect, decision, idea)

• चिन्तयताम् (cintayatām) - of those pondering/thinking

• बभूव (babhūva) - it arose, it became, it happened

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• सन्ति (santi) - they are, they exist

• विद्यातपसोपपन्नाः (vidyātapasopapannāḥ) - endowed with knowledge and asceticism

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - their, of them

• विनाशः (vināśaḥ) - destruction, ruin

• प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first, at first

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - to be done, ought to be done, must be done

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, for them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there, then

(indeclinable)

क्रमकालयोगात् (kramakālayogāt) - due to the combination of sequence and time, by the opportune alignment of circumstances

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kramakālayoga

kramakālayoga - combination of sequence and time, opportune conjunction of circumstances

Compound of 'krama' (sequence, order), 'kāla' (time), and 'yoga' (union, conjunction, alignment).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (krama+kāla+yoga)

• krama – order, sequence, regular course
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kram (to step, go).
  Root: kram (class 1)
• kāla – time
  noun (masculine)
• yoga – union, conjunction, application, alignment (yoga)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root yuj (to join).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Indicates cause or reason.

घोरा (ghorā) - dreadful, terrible, fierce

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fierce, awful

Note: Agrees with 'matiḥ'.

मतिः (matiḥ) - a dreadful idea (thought, intellect, decision, idea)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - intellect, mind, thought, opinion, decision

Derived from root man (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

चिन्तयताम् (cintayatām) - of those pondering/thinking

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of cintayat

cintayat - pondering, thinking, reflecting

Present Active Participle

Derived from root cint (to think, consider).

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'teṣām'.

बभूव (babhūva) - it arose, it became, it happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect Tense

3rd person singular, perfect tense, active voice of root bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

सन्ति (santi) - they are, they exist

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of as

Present Tense

3rd person plural, present tense, active voice of root as.

Root: as (class 2)

विद्यातपसोपपन्नाः (vidyātapasopapannāḥ) - endowed with knowledge and asceticism

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidyātapasopapanna

vidyātapasopapanna - endowed with knowledge and asceticism (tapas)

Compound formed from 'vidyā' (knowledge) and 'tapas' (asceticism) in instrumental case, followed by 'upapanna' (endowed). This is a Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (vidyātapas+upapanna)

• vidyātapas – knowledge and asceticism (tapas)
  noun (neuter)
  Dvandva compound of 'vidyā' (knowledge) and 'tapas' (asceticism). Used here in the instrumental singular form 'vidyātapasā'.
• upapanna – endowed, possessed, furnished with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root pad (to go, fall) with prefix upa. Takes instrumental for the thing possessed.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'ye'.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - their, of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विनाशः (vināśaḥ) - destruction, ruin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vināśa

vināśa - destruction, ruin, loss, disappearance

Derived from root naś (to perish) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first, at first

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost, principal

Note: Used adverbially.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - to be done, ought to be done, must be done

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, to be made, duty, work

Gerundive

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make). Expresses obligation or necessity.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'vināśaḥ'.