महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-99, verse-12

ज्ञात्वा बलस्थं त्रिदशाधिपं तु ननाद वृत्रो महतो निनादान् ।
तस्य प्रणादेन धरा दिशश्च खं द्यौर्नगाश्चापि चचाल सर्वम् ॥१२॥

12. jñātvā balasthaṁ tridaśādhipaṁ tu; nanāda vṛtro mahato ninādān ,
tasya praṇādena dharā diśaśca; khaṁ dyaurnagāścāpi cacāla sarvam.

12. jñātvā balasthaṃ tridaśādhipaṃ tu
nanāda vṛtraḥ mahataḥ ninādān
tasya praṇādena dharā diśaḥ ca khaṃ
dyauḥ nagāḥ ca api cacāla sarvam

12. Upon realizing that the lord of the gods (indra) was firmly established in power, Vritra then let out mighty roars. Due to his thunderous sound, the earth, the directions, the atmosphere, the heavens, and even the mountains—everything began to tremble.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

• बलस्थं (balasthaṁ) - situated in strength, powerful, strong

• त्रिदशाधिपं (tridaśādhipaṁ) - refers to Indra (lord of the gods)

• तु (tu) - then (but, indeed, then, on the other hand)

• ननाद (nanāda) - roared, sounded loudly

• वृत्रः (vṛtraḥ) - Vritra (name of a demon)

• महतः (mahataḥ) - great, mighty

• निनादान् (ninādān) - roars, sounds, cries

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Vritra) (his, its)

• प्रणादेन (praṇādena) - due to his thunderous sound (by the sound, by the roar)

• धरा (dharā) - earth

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters

• च (ca) - and

• खं (khaṁ) - the atmosphere (sky, atmosphere, ether)

• द्यौः (dyauḥ) - the heavens (heaven, sky)

• नगाः (nagāḥ) - mountains (mountains, trees (literally "those that do not move"))

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• चचाल (cacāla) - trembled, shook, moved

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

Words meanings and morphology

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from root jñā with suffix -tvā

Root: jñā (class 9)

बलस्थं (balasthaṁ) - situated in strength, powerful, strong

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of balastha

balastha - situated in strength, powerful, strong

Compound type : tatpurusha (bala+stha)

• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root sthā 'to stand'
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to indra

त्रिदशाधिपं (tridaśādhipaṁ) - refers to Indra (lord of the gods)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tridaśādhipa

tridaśādhipa - lord of the gods

Compound type : tatpurusha (tridaśa+adhipa)

• tridaśa – gods (literally 'thirty')
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - then (but, indeed, then, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

ननाद (nanāda) - roared, sounded loudly

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of nad

perfect active

reduplicated perfect form of root nad

Root: nad (class 1)

वृत्रः (vṛtraḥ) - Vritra (name of a demon)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛtra

vṛtra - Vritra (a formidable asura or demon, often depicted as a dragon or serpent)

महतः (mahataḥ) - great, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Agrees with ninādān

निनादान् (ninādān) - roars, sounds, cries

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nināda

nināda - roar, sound, cry, noise

derived from ni + nad

Prefix: ni

Root: nad (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Vritra) (his, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रणादेन (praṇādena) - due to his thunderous sound (by the sound, by the roar)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of praṇāda

praṇāda - loud sound, roar, thunder

derived from pra + nad

Prefix: pra

Root: nad (class 1)

धरा (dharā) - earth

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dharā

dharā - earth, ground

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

खं (khaṁ) - the atmosphere (sky, atmosphere, ether)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - sky, atmosphere, ether, space

द्यौः (dyauḥ) - the heavens (heaven, sky)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dyu

dyu - heaven, sky, day

नगाः (nagāḥ) - mountains (mountains, trees (literally "those that do not move"))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naga

naga - mountain, tree, serpent

compound of na + ga (not moving)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (na+ga)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• ga – going, moving, standing
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root gam 'to go'
  Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

चचाल (cacāla) - trembled, shook, moved

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of cal

perfect active

reduplicated perfect form of root cal

Root: cal (class 1)

Note: This is a singular verb, but the subject is a list of items (earth, directions, sky, heaven, mountains). This is a common idiom in Sanskrit where a singular verb can apply to a collective or enumerated subject.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

Note: Refers collectively to the preceding list of trembling entities.