महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-98, verse-21

स एवमुक्त्वा द्विपदां वरिष्ठः प्राणान्वशी स्वान्सहसोत्ससर्ज ।
ततः सुरास्ते जगृहुः परासोरस्थीनि तस्याथ यथोपदेशम् ॥२१॥

21. sa evamuktvā dvipadāṁ variṣṭhaḥ; prāṇānvaśī svānsahasotsasarja ,
tataḥ surāste jagṛhuḥ parāso;rasthīni tasyātha yathopadeśam.

21. sa evam uktvā dvipadām variṣṭhaḥ
prāṇān vaśī svān sahasā utsasarja
tataḥ surāḥ te jagṛhuḥ parāsoḥ
asthīni tasya atha yathā-upadeśam

21. Having spoken thus, that self-controlled sage, the most excellent among men, immediately gave up his vital breaths (prāṇas). Then the gods, following the instructions, took the bones of the deceased Dadhichi.

21. לאחר שאמר זאת, הנעלה שבבני האדם, השולט בעצמו, שחרר בבת אחת את נשימות חייו. אז האלים לקחו את עצמותיו של מי שחייו עזבו אותו, כפי שהורו להם.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Refers to Dadhichi. (he)

• एवम् (evam) - Adverb modifying uktvā. (thus, in this manner)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

• द्विपदाम् (dvipadām) - Used in a superlative sense with variṣṭhaḥ. (among two-footed beings, among men)

• वरिष्ठः (variṣṭhaḥ) - Qualifies Dadhichi implicitly. (best, most excellent)

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - Object of utsasarja. (vital breaths, life-forces (prāṇas))

• वशी (vaśī) - Qualifies Dadhichi implicitly. (self-controlled, master of oneself)

• स्वान् (svān) - Qualifies prāṇān. (his own)

• सहसा (sahasā) - Adverb modifying utsasarja. (quickly, suddenly, immediately)

• उत्ससर्ज (utsasarja) - he gave up, released, abandoned

• ततः (tataḥ) - Connects to the previous event. (then, thereafter)

• सुराः (surāḥ) - Subject of jagṛhuḥ. (gods)

• ते (te) - Refers to the gods (redundant with surāḥ). (they)

• जगृहुः (jagṛhuḥ) - they took, seized

• परासोः (parāsoḥ) - Qualifies Dadhichi. (of the deceased, of the one who has given up life)

• अस्थीनि (asthīni) - Object of jagṛhuḥ. (bones)

• तस्य (tasya) - Refers to Dadhichi. (his)

• अथ (atha) - Connects actions chronologically. (then, thus, thereupon)

• यथा-उपदेशम् (yathā-upadeśam) - Modifies jagṛhuḥ. (according to instruction)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Refers to Dadhichi. (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Dadhichi.

एवम् (evam) - Adverb modifying uktvā. (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying uktvā.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Implies completion of the action 'speaking'.

द्विपदाम् (dvipadām) - Used in a superlative sense with variṣṭhaḥ. (among two-footed beings, among men)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvipad

dvipad - two-footed, biped, man

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+pad)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• pad – foot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used in a superlative sense with variṣṭhaḥ.

वरिष्ठः (variṣṭhaḥ) - Qualifies Dadhichi implicitly. (best, most excellent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of variṣṭha

variṣṭha - best, most excellent, largest

Superlative

Superlative of uru/vṛddha (large, great)

Note: Qualifies Dadhichi implicitly.

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - Object of utsasarja. (vital breaths, life-forces (prāṇas))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, spirit (prāṇa)

Derived from pra-an (to breathe)

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of utsasarja.

वशी (vaśī) - Qualifies Dadhichi implicitly. (self-controlled, master of oneself)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaśin

vaśin - self-controlled, master, subjugating

Derived from vaśa (will, control)

Note: Qualifies Dadhichi implicitly.

स्वान् (svān) - Qualifies prāṇān. (his own)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sva

sva - own, one's own

सहसा (sahasā) - Adverb modifying utsasarja. (quickly, suddenly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying utsasarja.

उत्ससर्ज (utsasarja) - he gave up, released, abandoned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of sṛj

Perfect

3rd person singular Perfect active (paras_maipadam)

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Preceded by the upasarga ut.

ततः (tataḥ) - Connects to the previous event. (then, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to the previous event.

सुराः (surāḥ) - Subject of jagṛhuḥ. (gods)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity

Note: Subject of jagṛhuḥ.

ते (te) - Refers to the gods (redundant with surāḥ). (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the gods (redundant with surāḥ).

जगृहुः (jagṛhuḥ) - they took, seized

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of grah

Perfect

3rd person plural Perfect active (paras_maipadam)

Root: grah (class 9)

परासोः (parāsoḥ) - Qualifies Dadhichi. (of the deceased, of the one who has given up life)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of parāsu

parāsu - deceased, dead, lifeless, having given up life

Compound: parā (away) + asu (life, breath)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parā+asu)

• parā – away, forth
  indeclinable
• asu – breath, life, vital spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Dadhichi.

अस्थीनि (asthīni) - Object of jagṛhuḥ. (bones)

(noun)

neuter, plural of asthi

asthi - bone

Note: Object of jagṛhuḥ.

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to Dadhichi. (his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, his, her, its

Note: Refers to Dadhichi.

अथ (atha) - Connects actions chronologically. (then, thus, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

यथा-उपदेशम् (yathā-upadeśam) - Modifies jagṛhuḥ. (according to instruction)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+upadeśa)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• upadeśa – instruction, advice, teaching
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from dis (to point out) with upasarga upa
  Prefix: upa
  Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Modifies jagṛhuḥ.

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