महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-243, verse-16

अथोत्क्रुष्टं महेष्वासैर्धार्तराष्ट्रैर्महारथैः ।
प्रतिज्ञाते फल्गुनस्य वधे कर्णेन संयुगे ।
विजितांश्चाप्यमन्यन्त पाण्डवान्धृतराष्ट्रजाः ॥१६॥

16. athotkruṣṭaṁ maheṣvāsairdhārtarāṣṭrairmahārathaiḥ ,
pratijñāte phalgunasya vadhe karṇena saṁyuge ,
vijitāṁścāpyamanyanta pāṇḍavāndhṛtarāṣṭrajāḥ.

16. atha utkruṣṭam maheṣvāsaiḥ dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ
mahārathaiḥ | pratijñāte phālgunasya
vadhe karṇena saṃyuge | vijitān
ca api amanyanta pāṇḍavān dhṛtarāṣṭrajāḥ

16. Then, after Karṇa vowed to kill Arjuna in battle, there was a great shout from the Dhārtarāṣṭras, who were mighty archers and great charioteers. Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons also considered the Pāṇḍavas to be already conquered.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• उत्क्रुष्टम् (utkruṣṭam) - a great cry, a shout

• महेष्वासैः (maheṣvāsaiḥ) - by the great archers

• धार्तराष्ट्रैः (dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ) - by the Kauravas (by the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by the great charioteers, by the mahārathis

• प्रतिज्ञाते (pratijñāte) - when the vow was made, when it was promised

• फाल्गुनस्य (phālgunasya) - of Arjuna

• वधे (vadhe) - in the slaying, regarding the killing

• कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karṇa

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

• विजितान् (vijitān) - conquered, vanquished

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• अमन्यन्त (amanyanta) - they considered, they thought

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

• धृतराष्ट्रजाः (dhṛtarāṣṭrajāḥ) - The Kauravas (the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

उत्क्रुष्टम् (utkruṣṭam) - a great cry, a shout

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of utkruṣṭa

utkruṣṭa - shouted, cried aloud, a great cry

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

Prefix ut- + root kruś + suffix -ta

Prefix: ut

Root: kruś (class 1)

महेष्वासैः (maheṣvāsaiḥ) - by the great archers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one with a great bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow, archer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of the shouting ('utkruṣṭam').

धार्तराष्ट्रैः (dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ) - by the Kauravas (by the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Derived from Dhṛtarāṣṭra with suffix -a (aptya)

Note: Refers to the Kauravas.

महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by the great charioteers, by the mahārathis

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, a warrior capable of fighting many thousands of enemies simultaneously

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (chariot-borne)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ'.

प्रतिज्ञाते (pratijñāte) - when the vow was made, when it was promised

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of pratijñāta

pratijñāta - vowed, promised, declared

Past Passive Participle

Prefixes prati- + root jñā + suffix -ta

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction: 'when the slaying was vowed'.

फाल्गुनस्य (phālgunasya) - of Arjuna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of phālguna

phālguna - Arjuna (as born under the constellation Phalgunī), related to Phalguna

Note: Possessive for 'vadhe'.

वधे (vadhe) - in the slaying, regarding the killing

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, destruction

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Part of locative absolute construction.

कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name), ear

Note: Agent of the vow.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, war, combat

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Location of the vow.

विजितान् (vijitān) - conquered, vanquished

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vijita

vijita - conquered, won, defeated

Past Passive Participle

Prefix vi- + root ji + suffix -ta

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of 'amanyanta', qualifying 'pāṇḍavān'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

अमन्यन्त (amanyanta) - they considered, they thought

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of man

Imperfect, 3rd person plural, root man

Root: man (class 4)

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, Pāṇḍava

Note: Object of 'amanyanta'.

धृतराष्ट्रजाः (dhṛtarāṣṭrajāḥ) - The Kauravas (the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhṛtarāṣṭraja

dhṛtarāṣṭraja - born of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhṛtarāṣṭra+ja)

• dhṛtarāṣṭra – Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  Derived from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'amanyanta'.