महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-243, verse-15

तमब्रवीत्तदा कर्णः शृणु मे राजकुञ्जर ।
पादौ न धावये तावद्यावन्न निहतोऽर्जुनः ॥१५॥

15. tamabravīttadā karṇaḥ śṛṇu me rājakuñjara ,
pādau na dhāvaye tāvadyāvanna nihato'rjunaḥ.

15. tam abravīt tadā karṇaḥ śṛṇu me rājakunjara |
pādau na dhāvaye tāvat yāvat na nihataḥ arjunaḥ

15. Then Karṇa said to him: 'Listen to me, O king among men! I shall not wash my feet until Arjuna is slain.'

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - to him (Duryodhana) (him, to him)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• मे (me) - to me, my

• राजकुन्जर (rājakunjara) - O king among men (addressed to Duryodhana) (O best of kings, O chief of kings)

• पादौ (pādau) - both feet (two feet)

• न (na) - not

• धावये (dhāvaye) - I shall wash (I will wash)

• तावत् (tāvat) - so long, until then

• यावत् (yāvat) - until, as long as

• न (na) - not

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed, slain

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - to him (Duryodhana) (him, to him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Duryodhana from the previous verse.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect, 3rd person singular, root brū

Root: brū (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name), ear

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative, 2nd person singular, root śru

Root: śru (class 5)

मे (me) - to me, my

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, my

Note: Enclitic form for dative/genitive singular of 'asmad'. Here dative 'to me'.

राजकुन्जर (rājakunjara) - O king among men (addressed to Duryodhana) (O best of kings, O chief of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājakunjara

rājakunjara - king-elephant (metaphor for a great king)

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+kunjara)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• kunjara – elephant, chief, pre-eminent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Duryodhana.

पादौ (pādau) - both feet (two feet)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, quarter

Note: Dual form indicates 'both feet'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

धावये (dhāvaye) - I shall wash (I will wash)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (vow) (vidhiliṅ) of dhāv

Optative/potential, 1st person singular

Root: dhāv (class 1)

तावत् (tāvat) - so long, until then

(indeclinable)

Note: Corresponds to 'yāvat'.

यावत् (yāvat) - until, as long as

(indeclinable)

Note: Corresponds to 'tāvat'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Prefixes ni- + root han + suffix -ta

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used predicatively with 'arjunaḥ'.

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (proper name), white, bright