महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-179, verse-9

तथा बहुविधाकारा प्रावृण्मेघानुनादिता ।
अभ्यतीता शिवा तेषां चरतां मरुधन्वसु ॥९॥

9. tathā bahuvidhākārā prāvṛṇmeghānunāditā ,
abhyatītā śivā teṣāṁ caratāṁ marudhanvasu.

9. tathā bahuvidhākārā prāvṛṇmeghānunāditā
abhyatītā śivā teṣām caratām marudhanvasu

9. Thus, the rainy season, with its varied forms and resonating with the sound of rain clouds, passed auspiciously for them as they wandered in the deserts.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• बहुविधाकारा (bahuvidhākārā) - of many kinds, of various forms

• प्रावृण्मेघानुनादिता (prāvṛṇmeghānunāditā) - resounding with rain clouds

• अभ्यतीता (abhyatītā) - passed, gone by, elapsed

• शिवा (śivā) - auspicious, benevolent, prosperous

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, for them

• चरताम् (caratām) - of those wandering, for those moving

• मरुधन्वसु (marudhanvasu) - in the deserts (in the deserts and waste lands)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

बहुविधाकारा (bahuvidhākārā) - of many kinds, of various forms

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bahuvidhākāra

bahuvidhākāra - of many kinds, of various forms

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+vidhā+ākāra)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective
• vidhā – kind, sort, manner
  noun (feminine)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective describing the implicit 'rainy season' (prāvṛṭ).

प्रावृण्मेघानुनादिता (prāvṛṇmeghānunāditā) - resounding with rain clouds

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prāvṛṇmeghānunādita

prāvṛṇmeghānunādita - resounding with rain clouds

Compound type : bahuvrihi (prāvṛṭ+megha+anunādita)

• prāvṛṭ – rainy season, rains
  noun (feminine)
• megha – cloud
  noun (masculine)
• anunādita – resounding, echoed, made to sound
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √nad (to sound) with prefix anu- and suffix -ita (PPP)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Adjective describing the implicit 'rainy season' (prāvṛṭ).

अभ्यतीता (abhyatītā) - passed, gone by, elapsed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of abhyatīta

abhyatīta - passed, gone by, elapsed

Past Passive Participle

From prefix `abhi-` + `ati-` + root `√i` (to go) + suffix `-ta` (PPP).

Prefixes: abhi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

शिवा (śivā) - auspicious, benevolent, prosperous

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śiva

śiva - auspicious, benevolent, prosperous, Shiva

Note: Adjective describing the implicit 'rainy season'.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, for them

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas.

चरताम् (caratām) - of those wandering, for those moving

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of carat

carat - wandering, moving, going

Present Active Participle

From root `√car` (to move, wander) + suffix `-at` (Pres. Act. Participle).

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas.

मरुधन्वसु (marudhanvasu) - in the deserts (in the deserts and waste lands)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of marudhanvan

marudhanvan - desert, wasteland

Compound of `maru` (desert) and `dhanvan` (desert, waste). Often used as a dvandva or a collective.

Compound type : dvandva (maru+dhanvan)

• maru – desert, sandy waste
  noun (masculine)
• dhanvan – bow, desert, waste, wilderness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the desert regions.