महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-179, verse-2

छादयन्तो महाघोषाः खं दिशश्च बलाहकाः ।
प्रववर्षुर्दिवारात्रमसिताः सततं तदा ॥२॥

2. chādayanto mahāghoṣāḥ khaṁ diśaśca balāhakāḥ ,
pravavarṣurdivārātramasitāḥ satataṁ tadā.

2. chādayantaḥ mahāghoṣāḥ kham diśaḥ ca balāhakāḥ
pravavarṣuḥ divārātram asitāḥ satatam tadā

2. Then, the dark clouds, roaring loudly and covering the sky and the directions, continuously rained day and night.

Words meanings summery:

• छादयन्तः (chādayantaḥ) - covering, concealing

• महाघोषाः (mahāghoṣāḥ) - with great noise, roaring loudly

• खम् (kham) - sky, atmosphere, space

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters of the sky

• च (ca) - and

• बलाहकाः (balāhakāḥ) - clouds

• प्रववर्षुः (pravavarṣuḥ) - they rained

• दिवारात्रम् (divārātram) - day and night

• असिताः (asitāḥ) - dark, black

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly, continuously

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

छादयन्तः (chādayantaḥ) - covering, concealing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of chādayat

chādayat - covering, obscuring

Present Active Participle

From causative stem of root chad- (to cover)

Root: chad (class 10)

Note: Qualifies balāhakāḥ (clouds).

महाघोषाः (mahāghoṣāḥ) - with great noise, roaring loudly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāghoṣa

mahāghoṣa - having great sound/noise, roaring

Compound: mahā (great) + ghoṣa (sound, roar).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ghoṣa)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine stem form of mahat, used as first member of compound.
• ghoṣa – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

खम् (kham) - sky, atmosphere, space

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - sky, ether, space, zero

Note: Object of chādayantaḥ.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters of the sky

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of chādayantaḥ.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

बलाहकाः (balāhakāḥ) - clouds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of balāhaka

balāhaka - cloud, rain-cloud

Note: Subject of pravavarṣuḥ.

प्रववर्षुः (pravavarṣuḥ) - they rained

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of pravarṣ

perfect tense form

Perfect 3rd plural active. From root vṛṣ- (to rain) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Verb for balāhakāḥ.

दिवारात्रम् (divārātram) - day and night

(indeclinable)

Compound: divā (by day) + rātra (night). Functions as an adverb here.

Compound type : dvandva (divā+rātra)

• divā – by day, in the daytime
  indeclinable
• rātra – night, nocturnal
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adverb modifying pravavarṣuḥ.

असिताः (asitāḥ) - dark, black

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asita

asita - black, dark, not white

From a- (not) + sita (white).

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+sita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• sita – white, bound, tied
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root si- (to bind) or śvit- (to be white)
  Root: si (class 5)

सततम् (satatam) - constantly, continuously

(indeclinable)

From root tan- (to stretch) with prefix sa-. Used adverbially.

Prefix: sa

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Adverb modifying pravavarṣuḥ.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from pronominal stem tad-.