महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-175, verse-11

मृगयां परिधावन्स समेषु मरुधन्वसु ।
विध्यन्मृगाञ्शरैः शुद्धैश्चचार सुमहाबलः ॥११॥

11. mṛgayāṁ paridhāvansa sameṣu marudhanvasu ,
vidhyanmṛgāñśaraiḥ śuddhaiścacāra sumahābalaḥ.

11. mṛgayām paridhāvan sa sameṣu marudhanvasu
vidhyan mṛgān śaraiḥ śuddhaiḥ cacāra sumahābalaḥ

11. That exceptionally powerful one (Rāma), while pursuing game during a hunt in the plains and deserts, traversed (the region) by piercing deer with pure arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - hunting, chase, pursuit of game

• परिधावन् (paridhāvan) - running about, pursuing, chasing

• स (sa) - Rāma (he, that)

• समेषु (sameṣu) - in the plains, in the even lands

• मरुधन्वसु (marudhanvasu) - in the deserts, in the arid regions

• विध्यन् (vidhyan) - piercing, striking, hitting

• मृगान् (mṛgān) - deer, wild animals

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• शुद्धैः (śuddhaiḥ) - by unblemished, sharp, or effective arrows (by pure, by clean, by unsullied)

• चचार (cacāra) - he roamed, he wandered, he moved about, he performed

• सुमहाबलः (sumahābalaḥ) - Rāma, who is exceptionally powerful (exceptionally strong, greatly powerful)

Words meanings and morphology

मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - hunting, chase, pursuit of game

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mṛgayā

mṛgayā - hunting, chase, the sport of hunting

Derived from root 'mṛg' (to hunt, chase).

Root: mṛg (class 10)

Note: Object of the participle 'paridhāvan'.

परिधावन् (paridhāvan) - running about, pursuing, chasing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paridhāvat

paridhāvat - running around, chasing, pursuing

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'dhā' (to run) with the prefix 'pari'.

Prefix: pari

Root: dhā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sa' (Rāma).

स (sa) - Rāma (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the main verb 'cacāra'.

समेषु (sameṣu) - in the plains, in the even lands

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of sama

sama - even, level, plain, equal, uniform

Root: sam

Note: Indicates location where the action occurs.

मरुधन्वसु (marudhanvasu) - in the deserts, in the arid regions

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of marudhanvan

marudhanvan - desert, arid region, waste land

Compound noun: 'maru' (desert) + 'dhanvan' (bow, or by extension, arid region).

Compound type : dvandva (maru+dhanvan)

• maru – desert, waste land, sandy region
  noun (masculine)
• dhanvan – bow; desert, waste; sand bank
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates location, alongside 'sameṣu'.

विध्यन् (vidhyan) - piercing, striking, hitting

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhyat

vidhyat - piercing, striking, hitting, wounding

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'vyadh' (to pierce, strike). The 'vya' becomes 'vidhy' in present stem.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'sa' (Rāma), describing his action.

मृगान् (mṛgān) - deer, wild animals

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mṛga

mṛga - deer, wild animal, game

Root: mṛg (class 10)

Note: Object of 'vidhyan'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed, shaft

Root: śṛ (class 9)

Note: Instrument by which 'vidhyan' (piercing) is done.

शुद्धैः (śuddhaiḥ) - by unblemished, sharp, or effective arrows (by pure, by clean, by unsullied)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śuddha

śuddha - pure, clean, clear, faultless, unblemished, effective

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'śudh' (to purify).

Root: śudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

चचार (cacāra) - he roamed, he wandered, he moved about, he performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of car

Perfect tense (लिट्)

Third person singular, perfect active tense from root 'car'.

Root: car (class 1)

सुमहाबलः (sumahābalaḥ) - Rāma, who is exceptionally powerful (exceptionally strong, greatly powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahābala

sumahābala - extremely powerful, immensely strong

Compound adjective: 'su' (very, intensely) + 'mahā' (great) + 'bala' (strength/power).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+mahā+bala)

• su – good, excellent, very, well
  indeclinable
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• bala – strength, power, might, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'sa' (Rāma).