महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-138, verse-8

ततः स निहतो ह्यत्र जलकामोऽशुचिर्ध्रुवम् ।
संभावितो हि तूर्णेन शूलहस्तेन रक्षसा ॥८॥

8. tataḥ sa nihato hyatra jalakāmo'śucirdhruvam ,
saṁbhāvito hi tūrṇena śūlahastena rakṣasā.

8. tataḥ saḥ nihataḥ hi atra jalakāmaḥ aśuciḥ
dhruvam sambhāvitaḥ hi tūrṇena śūlahastena rakṣasā

8. Then, he, desiring water and certainly impure, was slain here. Indeed, he was quickly killed by the spear-wielding Rākṣasa.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, thereafter, from that)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the person from previous verse) (he, that (one))

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - was slain (killed, struck down, slain)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• अत्र (atra) - here (here, in this place)

• जलकामः (jalakāmaḥ) - desiring water (desiring water, thirsty)

• अशुचिः (aśuciḥ) - impure (ritually) (impure, unclean, unholy)

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly (certainly, surely, fixedly, permanently)

• सम्भावितः (sambhāvitaḥ) - was slain / attacked (esteemed, honored, possible, thought, attacked, killed)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• तूर्णेन (tūrṇena) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

• शूलहस्तेन (śūlahastena) - by the spear-wielding (Rākṣasa) (by the one having a spear in hand)

• रक्षसा (rakṣasā) - by the Rākṣasa (by the demon, by the Rākṣasa)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

Root: tad

सः (saḥ) - he (the person from previous verse) (he, that (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

निहतः (nihataḥ) - was slain (killed, struck down, slain)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, slain, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han with upasarga ni-. Passive voice.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here (here, in this place)

(indeclinable)

जलकामः (jalakāmaḥ) - desiring water (desiring water, thirsty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jalakāma

jalakāma - desiring water, thirsty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jala+kāma)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• kāma – desire, wish, love, intention
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `saḥ`.

अशुचिः (aśuciḥ) - impure (ritually) (impure, unclean, unholy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśuci

aśuci - impure, unclean, unholy, polluted

negation 'a-' + 'śuci' (pure)

Compound type : nah-tatpuruṣa (a+śuci)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• śuci – pure, clean, bright, holy
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `saḥ`.

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly (certainly, surely, fixedly, permanently)

(indeclinable)

Root: dhruv (class 1)

सम्भावितः (sambhāvitaḥ) - was slain / attacked (esteemed, honored, possible, thought, attacked, killed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sambhāvita

sambhāvita - esteemed, honored, thought of, possible, attacked, killed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhū with upasarga sam- and caus. suffix -i, then kta. `bhāvayati` means to produce, cause, effect. `sambhāvayati` can mean to think of, honor, or in military/hostile contexts, to kill or attack.

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to `saḥ`.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

तूर्णेन (tūrṇena) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root tūr (to hasten)

Root: tūr (class 1)

Note: Adverb modifying `sambhāvitaḥ`.

शूलहस्तेन (śūlahastena) - by the spear-wielding (Rākṣasa) (by the one having a spear in hand)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śūlahasta

śūlahasta - having a spear in hand, spear-wielding

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śūla+hasta)

• śūla – spear, pike, trident
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• hasta – hand, arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'rakṣasā'.

रक्षसा (rakṣasā) - by the Rākṣasa (by the demon, by the Rākṣasa)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, Rākṣasa

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Agent of `sambhāvitaḥ`.