महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-138, verse-2

तं स्म दृष्ट्वा पुरा सर्वे प्रत्युत्तिष्ठन्ति पावकाः ।
न त्वेनमुपतिष्ठन्ति हतपुत्रं तदाग्नयः ॥२॥

2. taṁ sma dṛṣṭvā purā sarve pratyuttiṣṭhanti pāvakāḥ ,
na tvenamupatiṣṭhanti hataputraṁ tadāgnayaḥ.

2. tam sma dṛṣṭvā purā sarve pratyuttiṣṭhanti pāvakāḥ
na tu enam upatiṣṭhanti hataputram tadā agnayaḥ

2. Formerly, upon seeing him, all the sacred fires (pāvaka) would stand up in reverence. But then, with his son killed, the fires (agni) did not honor him.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Bharadvaja (him, that)

• स्म (sma) - particle indicating past habitual action

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, upon seeing

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, in the past

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (fires) (all, every)

• प्रत्युत्तिष्ठन्ति (pratyuttiṣṭhanti) - would stand up in reverence (stand up for, rise to meet, greet respectfully)

• पावकाः (pāvakāḥ) - the sacred fires (pāvaka) (purifying ones, sacred fires)

• न (na) - not, no

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• एनम् (enam) - Bharadvaja (him, this)

• उपतिष्ठन्ति (upatiṣṭhanti) - did not honor (him) (stand by, attend, worship, honor, serve)

• हतपुत्रम् (hataputram) - with his son killed (whose son is killed, having a killed son)

• तदा (tadā) - at that time (after his son's death) (then, at that time)

• अग्नयः (agnayaḥ) - the fires (agni) (fires, sacred fires)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Bharadvaja (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bharadvaja.

स्म (sma) - particle indicating past habitual action

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, upon seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, in the past

(indeclinable)

सर्वे (sarve) - all (fires) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Refers to the 'pāvakāḥ'.

प्रत्युत्तिष्ठन्ति (pratyuttiṣṭhanti) - would stand up in reverence (stand up for, rise to meet, greet respectfully)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of pratyutsthā

Derived from root √sthā (to stand) with upasargas prati- and ut-.

Prefixes: prati+ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used with 'sma' to indicate past habitual action.

पावकाः (pāvakāḥ) - the sacred fires (pāvaka) (purifying ones, sacred fires)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāvaka

pāvaka - purifying, sacred, clean; fire, Agni

Derived from root √pū (to purify) with agentive suffix -aka.

Root: pū (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - Bharadvaja (him, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, he, him

Note: An enclitic pronoun, often refers to a preceding noun.

उपतिष्ठन्ति (upatiṣṭhanti) - did not honor (him) (stand by, attend, worship, honor, serve)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of upasthā

Derived from root √sthā (to stand) with upasarga upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used in past context due to 'tadā'.

हतपुत्रम् (hataputram) - with his son killed (whose son is killed, having a killed son)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hataputra

hataputra - whose son is killed, having a killed son

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hata+putra)

• hata – killed, slain, destroyed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √han (to strike, kill) with suffix -ta.
  Root: han (class 2)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'enam'.

तदा (tadā) - at that time (after his son's death) (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

अग्नयः (agnayaḥ) - the fires (agni) (fires, sacred fires)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of agni

agni - fire; the god Agni; sacrificial fire