महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-128, verse-3

हा हताः स्मेति वाशन्त्यस्तीव्रशोकसमन्विताः ।
तं मातरः प्रत्यकर्षन्गृहीत्वा दक्षिणे करे ।
सव्ये पाणौ गृहीत्वा तु याजकोऽपि स्म कर्षति ॥३॥

3. hā hatāḥ smeti vāśantyastīvraśokasamanvitāḥ ,
taṁ mātaraḥ pratyakarṣangṛhītvā dakṣiṇe kare ,
savye pāṇau gṛhītvā tu yājako'pi sma karṣati.

3. hā hatāḥ sma iti vāśantyaḥ
tīvraśokasamannvitāḥ tam mātaraḥ prati akarṣan
gṛhītvā dakṣiṇe kare savye pāṇau
gṛhītvā tu yājakaḥ api sma karṣati

3. "Alas, we are undone!" wailed the mothers, overcome with intense grief (śoka). They pulled him back, holding his right hand. But the priest (yājaka) also, holding his left hand, was dragging him.

Words meanings summery:

• हा (hā) - alas (alas, oh)

• हताः (hatāḥ) - ruined, undone (struck, killed, ruined, undone)

• स्म (sma) - (with 'hatāḥ') we are (ruined) (indeed, certainly; (with present tense) expresses past action)

• इति (iti) - thus (marking quoted speech) (thus, so, in this manner)

• वाशन्त्यः (vāśantyaḥ) - wailing (wailing, crying out, screaming)

• तीव्रशोकसमन्न्विताः (tīvraśokasamannvitāḥ) - overcome with intense grief (śoka) (filled with intense grief, overcome by severe sorrow)

• तम् (tam) - him (the son) (him, that)

• मातरः (mātaraḥ) - mothers

• प्रति (prati) - back, against (towards, against, in return)

• अकर्षन् (akarṣan) - pulled back (dragged, pulled)

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - holding (having taken, having seized, holding)

• दक्षिणे (dakṣiṇe) - in the right (right, southern)

• करे (kare) - in the hand

• सव्ये (savye) - in the left (left)

• पाणौ (pāṇau) - in the hand

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - holding (having taken, having seized, holding)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

• याजकः (yājakaḥ) - the priest (yājaka) (sacrificer, priest)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even)

• स्म (sma) - (with 'karṣati') was (dragging) (indeed, certainly; (with present tense) expresses past action)

• कर्षति (karṣati) - was dragging (drags, pulls)

Words meanings and morphology

हा (hā) - alas (alas, oh)

(indeclinable)

हताः (hatāḥ) - ruined, undone (struck, killed, ruined, undone)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of hata

hata - struck, killed, destroyed, ruined

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'han' (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Refers to the mothers

स्म (sma) - (with 'hatāḥ') we are (ruined) (indeed, certainly; (with present tense) expresses past action)

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus (marking quoted speech) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

वाशन्त्यः (vāśantyaḥ) - wailing (wailing, crying out, screaming)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vāśant

vāśant - wailing, crying out, screaming

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle of root 'vāś' (to cry, wail)

Root: vāś (class 1)

Note: Refers to the mothers

तीव्रशोकसमन्न्विताः (tīvraśokasamannvitāḥ) - overcome with intense grief (śoka) (filled with intense grief, overcome by severe sorrow)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tīvraśokasamannvita

tīvraśokasamannvita - filled with intense grief, overcome by severe sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tīvraśoka+samannvita)

• tīvraśoka – intense grief, severe sorrow
  noun (masculine)
• samannvita – accompanied by, joined with, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of 'sam-anu-i' (to go with, follow)
  Prefixes: sam+anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Refers to the mothers

तम् (tam) - him (the son) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine accusative singular form of 'tad'

मातरः (mātaraḥ) - mothers

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

प्रति (prati) - back, against (towards, against, in return)

(indeclinable)

अकर्षन् (akarṣan) - pulled back (dragged, pulled)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛṣ

Imperfect Active

Imperfect, 3rd person plural, active voice, with prefix 'prati-'

Prefix: prati

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - holding (having taken, having seized, holding)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive of root 'grah'

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Absolutive form

दक्षिणे (dakṣiṇe) - in the right (right, southern)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of dakṣiṇa

dakṣiṇa - right, southern, skillful

Note: Modifies 'kare'

करे (kare) - in the hand

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kara

kara - hand, ray, tax, doer

सव्ये (savye) - in the left (left)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of savya

savya - left, northern

Note: Modifies 'pāṇau'

पाणौ (pāṇau) - in the hand

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pāṇi

pāṇi - hand

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - holding (having taken, having seized, holding)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive of root 'grah'

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Absolutive form

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

याजकः (yājakaḥ) - the priest (yājaka) (sacrificer, priest)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yājaka

yājaka - sacrificer, priest, one who causes a sacrifice to be performed

Agent Noun

Derived from causative stem of 'yaj' with suffix -ka

Root: yaj (class 1)

अपि (api) - also (also, even)

(indeclinable)

स्म (sma) - (with 'karṣati') was (dragging) (indeed, certainly; (with present tense) expresses past action)

(indeclinable)

कर्षति (karṣati) - was dragging (drags, pulls)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of kṛṣ

Present Active

Present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Used with 'sma' to indicate past continuous action.