महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-128, verse-13

धर्म उवाच ।
नान्यः कर्तुः फलं राजन्नुपभुङ्क्ते कदाचन ।
इमानि तव दृश्यन्ते फलानि ददतां वर ॥१३॥

13. dharma uvāca ,
nānyaḥ kartuḥ phalaṁ rājannupabhuṅkte kadācana ,
imāni tava dṛśyante phalāni dadatāṁ vara.

13. dharmaḥ uvāca na anyaḥ kartuḥ phalam rājan upabhuṅkte
kadācana imāni tava dṛśyante phalāni dadatām vara

13. The god of justice (dharma) said: "O king, another person never experiences the fruit (phalam) of a doer's action (karma) at any time. These fruits (phalāni) are seen to be yours, O best among givers!"

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the god of justice (dharma) (personified as Yama) (natural law, duty, justice, righteousness, dharma)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another person (another, other)

• कर्तुः (kartuḥ) - of the doer (of the doer, of the maker)

• फलम् (phalam) - the fruit (phalam) (fruit, result, consequence)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king (O king, O ruler)

• उपभुङ्क्ते (upabhuṅkte) - experiences (experiences, enjoys, partakes of)

• कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time (ever, at any time, never (with 'na'))

• इमानि (imāni) - these

• तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

• दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen (they are seen, they appear)

• फलानि (phalāni) - these results (phalāni) (fruits, results, consequences)

• ददताम् (dadatām) - among givers (of givers, among givers)

• वर (vara) - O best one (O best one, O excellent one, boon)

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the god of justice (dharma) (personified as Yama) (natural law, duty, justice, righteousness, dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, justice, constitution

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated perfect from root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another person (another, other)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Subject of 'upabhuṅkte'.

कर्तुः (kartuḥ) - of the doer (of the doer, of the maker)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, maker, agent, creator

Agent noun

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -tṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Possessive.

फलम् (phalam) - the fruit (phalam) (fruit, result, consequence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

Note: Object of 'upabhuṅkte'.

राजन् (rājan) - O king (O king, O ruler)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

उपभुङ्क्ते (upabhuṅkte) - experiences (experiences, enjoys, partakes of)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhuj

Present tense, middle voice, 3rd person singular

From root bhuj (to enjoy, eat) with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: bhuj (class 7)

कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time (ever, at any time, never (with 'na'))

(indeclinable)

Compound of kadā (when) and cana (an emphatic particle).

Note: Nullifies the verb 'upabhuṅkte' when combined with 'na'.

इमानि (imāni) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Subject of 'dṛśyante'.

तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive.

दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen (they are seen, they appear)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present tense, middle voice (passive), 3rd person plural

Passive form derived from root dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

फलानि (phalāni) - these results (phalāni) (fruits, results, consequences)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

Note: Agrees with 'imāni'.

ददताम् (dadatām) - among givers (of givers, among givers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of datṛ

datṛ - giver, donor, bestower

Agent noun

Derived from root dā (to give) with suffix -tṛ.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Used in a superlative context (best of givers).

वर (vara) - O best one (O best one, O excellent one, boon)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choice, boon, bridegroom

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Epithet for the king.