महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-103, verse-17

एतच्छ्रुत्वा तु वचनं महर्षेर्भावितात्मनः ।
विस्मिताश्च विषण्णाश्च बभूवुः सहिताः सुराः ॥१७॥

17. etacchrutvā tu vacanaṁ maharṣerbhāvitātmanaḥ ,
vismitāśca viṣaṇṇāśca babhūvuḥ sahitāḥ surāḥ.

17. etat śrutvā tu vacanam maharṣeḥ bhāvitātmanaḥ
vismitāḥ ca viṣaṇṇāḥ ca babhūvuḥ sahitāḥ surāḥ

17. Indeed, after hearing these words from the great sage (maharṣi) whose soul (ātman) was purified, the gods, all together, became astonished and dejected.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, on the other hand

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

• महर्षेः (maharṣeḥ) - of the great sage (maharṣi) (of the great sage, from the great sage)

• भावितात्मनः (bhāvitātmanaḥ) - of the one whose soul (ātman) was purified (of the one whose soul is purified, of the one with a cultivated self)

• विस्मिताः (vismitāḥ) - astonished, surprised

• च (ca) - and

• विषण्णाः (viṣaṇṇāḥ) - dejected, sad, despairing

• च (ca) - and

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - became, they were

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - together, accompanied

• सुराः (surāḥ) - gods, deities

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root śru (to hear) + ktvā suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Absolutive (Gerund).

तु (tu) - indeed, but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing emphasis or contrast.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying

From root vac (to speak) + Lyuṭ suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

महर्षेः (maharṣeḥ) - of the great sage (maharṣi) (of the great sage, from the great sage)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, venerable seer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  Stem for mahat
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, ascetic
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Dependent on 'vacanam'.

भावितात्मनः (bhāvitātmanaḥ) - of the one whose soul (ātman) was purified (of the one whose soul is purified, of the one with a cultivated self)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhāvitātman

bhāvitātman - one whose soul is cultivated/purified, one with a well-developed self

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhāvita+ātman)

• bhāvita – cultivated, purified, developed, caused to be
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhū (to be) in causative form (bhāvayati) + ktva suffix.
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Dependent on 'vacanam'.

विस्मिताः (vismitāḥ) - astonished, surprised

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vismita

vismita - astonished, surprised, amazed

Past Passive Participle

From root smi (to smile) with upasarga vi + ktva suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

विषण्णाः (viṣaṇṇāḥ) - dejected, sad, despairing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viṣaṇṇa

viṣaṇṇa - dejected, sad, despairing, distressed

Past Passive Participle

From root sad (to sit, sink) with upasarga vi + ktva suffix, with change to ṣaṇṇa.

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - became, they were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect

Perfect active 3rd person plural.

Root: bhū (class 1)

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - together, accompanied

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, together with, assembled

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place) with upasarga sa + hi (to send) and ktva suffix. Or from sa-hita.

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Past Passive Participle.

सुराः (surāḥ) - gods, deities

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity