महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-16, chapter-2, verse-4

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
विश्वामित्रं च कण्वं च नारदं च तपोधनम् ।
सारणप्रमुखा वीरा ददृशुर्द्वारकागतान् ॥४॥

4. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
viśvāmitraṁ ca kaṇvaṁ ca nāradaṁ ca tapodhanam ,
sāraṇapramukhā vīrā dadṛśurdvārakāgatān.

4. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca viśvāmitram ca kaṇvam ca nāradam ca
tapodhanam sāraṇapramukhāḥ vīrāḥ dadṛśuḥ dvārakāgatān

4. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca sāraṇapramukhāḥ vīrāḥ dvārakāgatān
viśvāmitram ca kaṇvam ca tapodhanam nāradam ca dadṛśuḥ

4. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: The heroes led by Sāraṇa (Sāraṇapramukhāḥ) saw Viśvāmitra, Kaṇva, and Nārada, who possessed ascetic wealth (tapas), as they arrived in Dvārakā.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The sage Vaiśaṃpāyana (Vaiśaṃpāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Vaiśaṃpāyana said (said, spoke)

• विश्वामित्रम् (viśvāmitram) - The sage Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• कण्वम् (kaṇvam) - The sage Kaṇva (Kaṇva)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• नारदम् (nāradam) - The divine sage Nārada (Nārada)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तपोधनम् (tapodhanam) - who possessed ascetic wealth (tapas) (whose wealth is asceticism, rich in asceticism)

• सारणप्रमुखाः (sāraṇapramukhāḥ) - The heroes led by Sāraṇa (led by Sāraṇa, Sāraṇa and others)

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - the heroes (heroes, brave men)

• ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw (they saw, they beheld)

• द्वारकागतान् (dvārakāgatān) - as they arrived in Dvārakā (those who came to Dvārakā, arrived in Dvārakā)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The sage Vaiśaṃpāyana (Vaiśaṃpāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a sage, disciple of Vyāsa

Patronymic from Viśaṃpāyana

उवाच (uvāca) - Vaiśaṃpāyana said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

Irregular perfect formation of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

विश्वामित्रम् (viśvāmitram) - The sage Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Name of a celebrated ancient sage

Compound 'viśva' (all) + 'mitra' (friend)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viśva+mitra)

• viśva – all, whole, universal
  adjective
• mitra – friend, companion, sun
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'dadṛśuḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

कण्वम् (kaṇvam) - The sage Kaṇva (Kaṇva)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kaṇva

kaṇva - Name of an ancient sage

Note: Object of 'dadṛśuḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

नारदम् (nāradam) - The divine sage Nārada (Nārada)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Name of a divine sage, son of Brahmā

Note: Object of 'dadṛśuḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तपोधनम् (tapodhanam) - who possessed ascetic wealth (tapas) (whose wealth is asceticism, rich in asceticism)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tapodhana

tapodhana - whose wealth is asceticism (tapas), rich in ascetic merit

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'tapas' (asceticism) + 'dhana' (wealth)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – asceticism (tapas), religious austerity, heat
  noun (neuter)
  From √tap (तप्) 'to heat, to perform austerity'
  Root: tap (class 1)
• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'nāradam'.

सारणप्रमुखाः (sāraṇapramukhāḥ) - The heroes led by Sāraṇa (led by Sāraṇa, Sāraṇa and others)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sāraṇapramukha

sāraṇapramukha - Sāraṇa and others, headed by Sāraṇa

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'sāraṇa' (name) + 'pramukha' (foremost, chief)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sāraṇa+pramukha)

• sāraṇa – name of a Yādava hero
  proper noun (masculine)
• pramukha – foremost, chief, principal, led by
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'pra-' (forth) + 'mukha' (face, head)
  Prefix: pra

Note: Subject of 'dadṛśuḥ'.

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - the heroes (heroes, brave men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Agrees with 'sāraṇapramukhāḥ'.

ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw (they saw, they beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

perfect active

Perfect (Lit) form of √dṛś (दृश्) 'to see' with reduplication

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'sāraṇapramukhāḥ vīrāḥ'.

द्वारकागतान् (dvārakāgatān) - as they arrived in Dvārakā (those who came to Dvārakā, arrived in Dvārakā)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dvārakāgata

dvārakāgata - one who has arrived in Dvārakā

Past Passive Participle

Compound: 'dvārakā' (name of a city) + 'gata' (gone, arrived), where 'gata' is P.P.P. of √gam

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvārakā+gata)

• dvārakā – Name of a city, capital of Kṛṣṇa
  proper noun (feminine)
• gata – gone, arrived, come
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √gam (गम्) 'to go'
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Adjectival use, referring to Viśvāmitra, Kaṇva, and Nārada.