महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-46, verse-20

तेषां तु पुरुषेन्द्राणां रुदतां रुदितस्वनः ।
प्रासादाभोगसंरुद्धो अन्वरौत्सीत्स रोदसी ॥२०॥

20. teṣāṁ tu puruṣendrāṇāṁ rudatāṁ ruditasvanaḥ ,
prāsādābhogasaṁruddho anvarautsītsa rodasī.

20. teṣām tu puruṣendrāṇām rudatām ruditasvanaḥ
prāsādābhogasaṃruddhaḥ anvarautsīt saḥ rodasī

20. tu teṣām puruṣendrāṇām rudatām saḥ
prāsādābhogasaṃruddhaḥ ruditasvanaḥ rodasī anvarautsīt

20. But the sound of weeping from those foremost among men, confined within the vast expanse of the palace, echoed through heaven and earth.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

• तु (tu) - but, yet, on the other hand

• पुरुषेन्द्राणाम् (puruṣendrāṇām) - of the foremost among men, of the best of men

• रुदताम् (rudatām) - of those who were weeping

• रुदितस्वनः (ruditasvanaḥ) - the sound of weeping, wailing

• प्रासादाभोगसंरुद्धः (prāsādābhogasaṁruddhaḥ) - confined by the expanse of the palace

• अन्वरौत्सीत् (anvarautsīt) - it echoed, it resounded

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• रोदसी (rodasī) - heaven and earth (dual)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas

तु (tu) - but, yet, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

पुरुषेन्द्राणाम् (puruṣendrāṇām) - of the foremost among men, of the best of men

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of puruṣendra

puruṣendra - chief of men, lord of men, excellent man

Compound of puruṣa (man, person) and indra (chief, lord, best)

Compound type : tatpurusha (puruṣa+indra)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, best; king of the gods (Indra)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas

रुदताम् (rudatām) - of those who were weeping

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rudant

rudant - weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √rud (to cry, weep)

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'puruṣendrāṇām'

रुदितस्वनः (ruditasvanaḥ) - the sound of weeping, wailing

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ruditasvana

ruditasvana - sound of weeping, lamentation

Compound of rudita (weeping, noun from past passive participle of √rud) and svana (sound)

Compound type : tatpurusha (rudita+svana)

• rudita – weeping, crying (noun or past passive participle)
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (substantivized)
  From root √rud (to cry, weep)
  Root: rud (class 2)
• svana – sound, noise, voice
  noun (masculine)
  From √svan (to sound, roar)
  Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb 'anvarautsīt'

प्रासादाभोगसंरुद्धः (prāsādābhogasaṁruddhaḥ) - confined by the expanse of the palace

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāsādābhogasaṃruddha

prāsādābhogasaṁruddha - confined by the vastness/expanse of a palace

Compound: prāsāda (palace) + ābhoga (expanse, fullness) + saṃruddha (confined, obstructed).

Compound type : tatpurusha (prāsāda+ābhoga+saṃruddha)

• prāsāda – palace, temple
  noun (masculine)
• ābhoga – expanse, fullness, coil, bend
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix ā- and root √bhuj (to bend, coil; or to enjoy)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: bhuj (class 7)
• saṃruddha – confined, obstructed, restrained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix sam- and root √rudh (to obstruct, hinder)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'ruditasvanaḥ'

अन्वरौत्सीत् (anvarautsīt) - it echoed, it resounded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of √rud

Aorist, 3rd person singular

From prefix anu- and root √rud, Aorist tense (luṅ), 3rd singular.

Prefix: anu

Root: rud (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'ruditasvanaḥ'

रोदसी (rodasī) - heaven and earth (dual)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, dual of rodasī

rodasī - heaven and earth (dual form of rodas or rodasi)

Dual form referring to the two worlds.

Note: Object of 'anvarautsīt' in the sense of 'resounding through'