महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-46, verse-11

वृथा संतोषितो वह्निः खाण्डवे सव्यसाचिना ।
उपकारमजानन्स कृतघ्न इति मे मतिः ॥११॥

11. vṛthā saṁtoṣito vahniḥ khāṇḍave savyasācinā ,
upakāramajānansa kṛtaghna iti me matiḥ.

11. vṛthā saṃtoṣitaḥ vahniḥ khāṇḍave savyasācinā
upakāram ajānan saḥ kṛtaghnaḥ iti me matiḥ

11. savyasācinā khāṇḍave vahniḥ vṛthā saṃtoṣitaḥ
saḥ upakāram ajānan kṛtaghnaḥ iti me matiḥ

11. The fire (Agni) was appeased in vain by Arjuna (Savyasācin) in the Khāṇḍava forest. Not recognizing that benefit, he (Agni) is ungrateful; this is my view.

Words meanings summery:

• वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain (in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly, falsely)

• संतोषितः (saṁtoṣitaḥ) - appeased (appeased, pleased, satisfied)

• वह्निः (vahniḥ) - the fire (deity Agni) (fire, Agni (the fire deity))

• खाण्डवे (khāṇḍave) - in the Khāṇḍava forest (in Khāṇḍava (a specific forest))

• सव्यसाचिना (savyasācinā) - by Arjuna (Savyasācin) (by Savyasācin (Arjuna))

• उपकारम् (upakāram) - that benefit (help, benefit, favor, good deed)

• अजानन् (ajānan) - not recognizing (not knowing, ignorant, ungrateful)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Agni) (he, that (masculine))

• कृतघ्नः (kṛtaghnaḥ) - ungrateful (ungrateful, destroyer of good deeds)

• इति (iti) - this (introducing the opinion) (thus, so, this (marks direct speech or thought))

• मे (me) - my (my, to me, for me)

• मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion, view (thought, mind, opinion, counsel)

Words meanings and morphology

वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain (in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly, falsely)

(indeclinable)

adverb

संतोषितः (saṁtoṣitaḥ) - appeased (appeased, pleased, satisfied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃtoṣita

saṁtoṣita - appeased, pleased, satisfied

Past Passive Participle

PPP of causative of √tuṣ (to be pleased) with sam

Prefix: sam

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

Note: modifies vahniḥ

वह्निः (vahniḥ) - the fire (deity Agni) (fire, Agni (the fire deity))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vahni

vahni - fire, Agni (the fire deity)

from √vah (to carry)

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: subject

खाण्डवे (khāṇḍave) - in the Khāṇḍava forest (in Khāṇḍava (a specific forest))

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of khāṇḍava

khāṇḍava - name of a forest

सव्यसाचिना (savyasācinā) - by Arjuna (Savyasācin) (by Savyasācin (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of savyasācin

savyasācin - Savyasācin (an epithet of Arjuna, meaning 'one who can shoot with the left hand')

compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (savya+sācin)

• savya – left, left hand
  adjective (masculine)
• sācin – shooter, archer
  noun (masculine)
  from √sac (to accompany, adhere to) or related to sāyaka (arrow)

Note: agent of the passive verb saṃtoṣitaḥ

उपकारम् (upakāram) - that benefit (help, benefit, favor, good deed)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upakāra

upakāra - help, benefit, favor, good deed

from √kṛ (to do) with upa

Prefix: upa

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: object of ajānan

अजानन् (ajānan) - not recognizing (not knowing, ignorant, ungrateful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajānat

ajānat - not knowing, ignorant

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle of √jñā (to know) with a (negation)

Prefix: a

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: modifies 'saḥ' (Agni)

सः (saḥ) - he (Agni) (he, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

demonstrative pronoun

Note: subject of the implicit verb 'is'

कृतघ्नः (kṛtaghnaḥ) - ungrateful (ungrateful, destroyer of good deeds)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtaghna

kṛtaghna - ungrateful, destroyer of good deeds

compound of kṛta (done, deed) and ghna (destroying)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (kṛta+ghna)

• kṛta – done, made, performed; a good deed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of √kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ghna – destroying, killing, harming
  adjective (masculine)
  from √han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: predicate adjective for 'saḥ'

इति (iti) - this (introducing the opinion) (thus, so, this (marks direct speech or thought))

(indeclinable)

particle

मे (me) - my (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

first person pronoun

मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion, view (thought, mind, opinion, counsel)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - thought, mind, opinion, counsel

from √man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: subject of the implicit verb 'is'