महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-46, verse-19

तच्छ्रुत्वा रुरुदुः सर्वे समालिङ्ग्य परस्परम् ।
पाण्डवाः पञ्च दुःखार्ता भूतानीव युगक्षये ॥१९॥

19. tacchrutvā ruruduḥ sarve samāliṅgya parasparam ,
pāṇḍavāḥ pañca duḥkhārtā bhūtānīva yugakṣaye.

19. tat śrutvā ruruduḥ sarve samāliṅgya parasparam
pāṇḍavāḥ pañca duḥkhārtāḥ bhūtāni iva yugakṣaye

19. tat śrutvā pañca pāṇḍavāḥ sarve duḥkhārtāḥ
parasparam samāliṅgya yugakṣaye bhūtāni iva ruruduḥ

19. Having heard that, all five Pāṇḍavas, distressed by sorrow, embraced each other and cried, like beings at the end of an age.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - referring to the previous lamentation (that, this)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• रुरुदुः (ruruduḥ) - they cried, they wept

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• समालिङ्ग्य (samāliṅgya) - having embraced

• परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, each other

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• दुःखार्ताः (duḥkhārtāḥ) - afflicted by sorrow, grief-stricken

• भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings, elements, creatures

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• युगक्षये (yugakṣaye) - at the end of the age/eon

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - referring to the previous lamentation (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the lamentation heard in the previous verse.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -ktvā

Root: śru (class 5)

रुरुदुः (ruruduḥ) - they cried, they wept

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of √rud

Perfect, 3rd person plural

Reduplicated perfect form of √rud

Root: rud (class 2)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas

समालिङ्ग्य (samāliṅgya) - having embraced

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From prefix sam- + ā- + √liṅg, with suffix -lyap

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: liṅg (class 1)

परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, each other

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

Note: Refers to the five Pāṇḍavas

दुःखार्ताः (duḥkhārtāḥ) - afflicted by sorrow, grief-stricken

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of duḥkhārta

duḥkhārta - distressed by sorrow, afflicted by pain

Compound of duḥkha (sorrow, pain) and ārta (afflicted, distressed)

Compound type : tatpurusha (duḥkha+ārta)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – distressed, afflicted, hurt
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √ṛ (to go, move), with prefix ā-, meaning 'afflicted' or 'suffering'.
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas

भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings, elements, creatures

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, ghost; that which has been

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

From √bhū (to be, become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: particle of comparison

युगक्षये (yugakṣaye) - at the end of the age/eon

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yugakṣaya

yugakṣaya - end of a yuga or age, destruction of the world

Compound of yuga (age, eon) and kṣaya (destruction, end, decline)

Compound type : tatpurusha (yuga+kṣaya)

• yuga – age, eon, yoke
  noun (masculine)
• kṣaya – destruction, end, loss, decline
  noun (masculine)
  From √kṣi (to destroy, waste)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)