महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-32, verse-3

तेऽब्रुवञ्ज्ञातुमिच्छामः कतमोऽत्र युधिष्ठिरः ।
भीमार्जुनयमाश्चैव द्रौपदी च यशस्विनी ॥३॥

3. te'bruvañjñātumicchāmaḥ katamo'tra yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
bhīmārjunayamāścaiva draupadī ca yaśasvinī.

3. te abruvan jñātum icchāmaḥ katamaḥ atra yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
bhīmārjunayamāḥ ca eva draupadī ca yaśasvinī

3. te abruvan jñātum icchāmaḥ atra katamaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
ca eva bhīmārjunayamāḥ ca yaśasvinī draupadī

3. They said, 'We wish to know: Who among these is Yudhiṣṭhira? And (who are) Bhīma, Arjuna, the Yamas (Nakula and Sahadeva), and the glorious Draupadī?'

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - The ascetics mentioned in the previous verse. (they)

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - The ascetics said. (they said, they spoke)

• ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - They wished to ascertain. (to know, to learn)

• इच्छामः (icchāmaḥ) - The ascetics expressing their desire to know. (we wish, we desire)

• कतमः (katamaḥ) - Asking for identification of a specific person among a group. (who among many, which one)

• अत्र (atra) - Among the people present in the hermitage. (here, in this place)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest Pāṇḍava, known for his steadfastness in battle. (Yudhiṣṭhira)

• भीमार्जुनयमाः (bhīmārjunayamāḥ) - The other Pāṇḍava brothers. (Bhīma, Arjuna, and the Yamas (Nakula and Sahadeva))

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - Emphatic particle, 'and also'. (indeed, just, only)

• द्रौपदी (draupadī) - The wife of the Pāṇḍavas. (Draupadī)

• च (ca) - and, also

• यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - Draupadī, who was renowned. (glorious, famous, illustrious)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - The ascetics mentioned in the previous verse. (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - The ascetics said. (they said, they spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (luṅ) of brū

imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person plural

With augment `a-`.

Root: brū (class 2)

ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - They wished to ascertain. (to know, to learn)

(verb)

infinitive (tumun) of jñā

infinitive

Infinitive form.

Root: jñā (class 9)

इच्छामः (icchāmaḥ) - The ascetics expressing their desire to know. (we wish, we desire)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

present tense, active voice, 1st person plural

From `iṣ` (root, 4th class), `iccha` stem.

Root: iṣ (class 4)

कतमः (katamaḥ) - Asking for identification of a specific person among a group. (who among many, which one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of katama

katama - which (of many), who

Superlative of `ka`.

अत्र (atra) - Among the people present in the hermitage. (here, in this place)

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronoun `idam`.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest Pāṇḍava, known for his steadfastness in battle. (Yudhiṣṭhira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

Compound `yudhi` (in battle) + `sthira` (firm).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
  Original root `yudh` (to fight). Here used in locative.
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root `sthā` (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

भीमार्जुनयमाः (bhīmārjunayamāḥ) - The other Pāṇḍava brothers. (Bhīma, Arjuna, and the Yamas (Nakula and Sahadeva))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhīmārjunayama

bhīmārjunayama - Bhīma, Arjuna, and the two Yamas (Nakula and Sahadeva)

Dvaṃdva compound listing names.

Compound type : itaretara-yoga-dvaṃdva (bhīma+arjuna+yama)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable (name of the second Pāṇḍava)
  proper noun (masculine)
  From `bhī` (to fear).
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• arjuna – white, clear (name of the third Pāṇḍava)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛj
• yama – twin, controller, Yama (god of death)
  noun (masculine)
  From root `yam` (to restrain).
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Here, the plural form `yamāḥ` refers specifically to the twin brothers Nakula and Sahadeva, not the god Yama.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects lists of names.

एव (eva) - Emphatic particle, 'and also'. (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

द्रौपदी (draupadī) - The wife of the Pāṇḍavas. (Draupadī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of draupadī

draupadī - daughter of Drupada, Draupadī

Patronymic from Drupada.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Draupadī to the list.

यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - Draupadī, who was renowned. (glorious, famous, illustrious)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - glorious, famous, illustrious, possessing fame

Possessive suffix `-vin` added to `yaśas` (fame).

Note: Qualifies `draupadī`.