महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-39, verse-4

संहत्य कुर्वते यात्रां सहिताः संघचारिणः ।
संघातवृत्तयो ह्येते वर्तन्ते हेत्वहेतुभिः ॥४॥

4. saṁhatya kurvate yātrāṁ sahitāḥ saṁghacāriṇaḥ ,
saṁghātavṛttayo hyete vartante hetvahetubhiḥ.

4. saṃhatya kurvate yātrām sahitāḥ saṃghacāriṇaḥ
saṃghātavṛttayaḥ hi ete vartante hetvahetubhiḥ

4. ete hi saṃhatya sahitāḥ saṃghacāriṇaḥ saṃghātavṛttayaḥ
hetvahetubhiḥ yātrām kurvate vartante

4. Having united, they (the guṇas) proceed in their course, being companions who act collectively. Indeed, these (guṇas), whose modes of action are interdependent, operate both with and without specific causes.

Words meanings summery:

• संहत्य (saṁhatya) - having united, having combined, together

• कुर्वते (kurvate) - they do, they perform, they make

• यात्राम् (yātrām) - journey, course of action, undertaking

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied, joined, together

• संघचारिणः (saṁghacāriṇaḥ) - moving in groups, companions, collective agents

• संघातवृत्तयः (saṁghātavṛttayaḥ) - having united actions/functions, whose modes of operation are collective

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• एते (ete) - these qualities (guṇas) (these)

• वर्तन्ते (vartante) - they exist, operate, proceed

• हेत्वहेतुभिः (hetvahetubhiḥ) - by causes and non-causes, for reasons and no reasons

Words meanings and morphology

संहत्य (saṁhatya) - having united, having combined, together

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From sam-√han (to strike, unite) with -ya suffix

Prefix: sam

Root: han (class 2)

कुर्वते (kurvate) - they do, they perform, they make

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यात्राम् (yātrām) - journey, course of action, undertaking

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yātrā

yātrā - journey, procession, course, progress, undertaking, sustenance

From √yā (to go) + -trā suffix

Root: yā (class 2)

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied, joined, together

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, joined with, endowed with, together

Past Passive Participle

From sa- (with) + √dhā (to place) -> sahita (placed together)

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

संघचारिणः (saṁghacāriṇaḥ) - moving in groups, companions, collective agents

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃghacārin

saṁghacārin - moving in groups, acting collectively, companion

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃgha+cārin)

• saṃgha – multitude, collection, group, union
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-√han (to strike, collect)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: han (class 2)
• cārin – moving, going, practicing, agent
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  From √car (to move, go) with -in suffix
  Root: car (class 1)

संघातवृत्तयः (saṁghātavṛttayaḥ) - having united actions/functions, whose modes of operation are collective

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃghātavṛtti

saṁghātavṛtti - having collective functions, whose operations are combined

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃghāta+vṛtti)

• saṃghāta – collection, mass, aggregation, union
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-√han (to strike, collect)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: han (class 2)
• vṛtti – mode of life, conduct, function, action, activity
  noun (feminine)
  From √vṛt (to turn, exist) with -ti suffix
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

एते (ete) - these qualities (guṇas) (these)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

वर्तन्ते (vartante) - they exist, operate, proceed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Root: vṛt (class 1)

हेत्वहेतुभिः (hetvahetubhiḥ) - by causes and non-causes, for reasons and no reasons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hetvahetu

hetvahetu - cause and non-cause

Compound type : dvandva (hetu+ahetu)

• hetu – cause, reason, motive
  noun (masculine)
• ahetu – non-cause, without reason
  noun (masculine)
  a- (negative prefix) + hetu (cause)
  Prefix: a