महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-39, verse-22

तमोऽव्यक्तं शिवं नित्यमजं योनिः सनातनः ।
प्रकृतिर्विकारः प्रलयः प्रधानं प्रभवाप्ययौ ॥२२॥

22. tamo'vyaktaṁ śivaṁ nityamajaṁ yoniḥ sanātanaḥ ,
prakṛtirvikāraḥ pralayaḥ pradhānaṁ prabhavāpyayau.

22. tamaḥ avyaktam śivam nityam ajam yoniḥ sanātanaḥ |
prakṛtiḥ vikāraḥ pralayaḥ pradhānam prabhava-apyayau

22. avyaktam tamaḥ śivam nityam ajam sanātanaḥ yoniḥ
prakṛtiḥ vikāraḥ pralayaḥ pradhānam prabhava-apyayau

22. The unmanifest (prakṛti), characterized by tamas (quality), is auspicious, eternal, unborn, and the eternal source. It is primal nature (prakṛti), modification, dissolution, the primary cause (pradhāna), and both origin and dissolution.

Words meanings summery:

• तमः (tamaḥ) - tamas (the quality of inertia/darkness, here identifying with the unmanifest) (darkness, inertia, ignorance (one of the three guṇas))

• अव्यक्तम् (avyaktam) - the unmanifest (prakṛti) (the unmanifest (neuter))

• शिवम् (śivam) - auspicious (auspicious, benevolent, good, Shiva)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - eternal (eternal, constant, perpetual)

• अजम् (ajam) - unborn (unborn, goat)

• योनिः (yoniḥ) - the source (source, origin, womb)

• सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - the eternal (source) (eternal, perpetual, ancient)

• प्रकृतिः (prakṛtiḥ) - (It is) primal nature (prakṛti) (primal nature, cause, origin, disposition)

• विकारः (vikāraḥ) - (It is) modification/product (change, modification, product, disorder)

• प्रलयः (pralayaḥ) - (It is) dissolution (dissolution, destruction, absorption)

• प्रधानम् (pradhānam) - (It is) the primary cause (pradhāna) (chief, principal, primary cause (prakṛti))

• प्रभव-अप्ययौ (prabhava-apyayau) - (It is) the origin and dissolution (origin and dissolution, creation and destruction)

Words meanings and morphology

तमः (tamaḥ) - tamas (the quality of inertia/darkness, here identifying with the unmanifest) (darkness, inertia, ignorance (one of the three guṇas))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, inertia, delusion (one of the three guṇas)

Note: It is identified with 'avyaktam' here.

अव्यक्तम् (avyaktam) - the unmanifest (prakṛti) (the unmanifest (neuter))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avyakta

avyakta - unmanifest, unrevealed, indistinct, primal matter (prakṛti)

Past Passive Participle

From a- + vi- + √añj. Used as a neuter noun here, referring to prakṛti.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyakta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• vyakta – manifest, clear, distinct
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From vi- + √añj.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Subject of the sentence, identified by a series of predicates.

शिवम् (śivam) - auspicious (auspicious, benevolent, good, Shiva)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śiva

śiva - auspicious, benevolent, happy, good, Shiva (as a proper noun)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'avyaktam'.

नित्यम् (nityam) - eternal (eternal, constant, perpetual)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nitya

nitya - constant, eternal, perpetual, regular

Note: Predicate adjective for 'avyaktam'.

अजम् (ajam) - unborn (unborn, goat)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aja

aja - unborn, not born; goat

From a- (not) + √jan (to be born).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ja)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• ja – born, produced
  adjective
  Agent noun/suffix -ja
  From √jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'avyaktam'.

योनिः (yoniḥ) - the source (source, origin, womb)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yoni

yoni - womb, origin, source, place of birth, family

Note: Predicate noun for 'avyaktam'.

सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - the eternal (source) (eternal, perpetual, ancient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, ancient, primeval

Note: Agrees with 'yoniḥ'.

प्रकृतिः (prakṛtiḥ) - (It is) primal nature (prakṛti) (primal nature, cause, origin, disposition)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - primal nature, original form, cause, disposition, matter, material cause (as in Sāṃkhya)

From pra- + √kṛ (to make, do).

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Another predicate for the implied subject (the unmanifest).

विकारः (vikāraḥ) - (It is) modification/product (change, modification, product, disorder)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikāra

vikāra - change, alteration, modification, product, transformation, disorder

From vi- + √kṛ (to make, do).

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate noun.

प्रलयः (pralayaḥ) - (It is) dissolution (dissolution, destruction, absorption)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pralaya

pralaya - dissolution, destruction, re-absorption, cosmic dissolution

From pra- + √lī (to dissolve, melt).

Prefix: pra

Root: lī (class 4)

Note: Predicate noun.

प्रधानम् (pradhānam) - (It is) the primary cause (pradhāna) (chief, principal, primary cause (prakṛti))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pradhāna

pradhāna - chief, principal, main; primal matter, fundamental cause (in Sāṃkhya, equivalent to prakṛti)

Note: Predicate noun, referring to prakṛti.

प्रभव-अप्ययौ (prabhava-apyayau) - (It is) the origin and dissolution (origin and dissolution, creation and destruction)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of prabhava-apyaya

prabhava-apyaya - origin and dissolution, creation and destruction (dual compound)

Compound type : dvandva (prabhava+apyaya)

• prabhava – origin, source, birth, power
  noun (masculine)
  From pra- + √bhū (to be, become).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• apyaya – dissolution, disappearance, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  From api- + √i (to go).
  Prefix: api
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Dual nominative form, referring to both origin and dissolution.