महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-39, verse-14

आदित्यः सत्त्वमुद्दिष्टं कुचोरास्तु यथा तमः ।
परितापोऽध्वगानां च राजसो गुण उच्यते ॥१४॥

14. ādityaḥ sattvamuddiṣṭaṁ kucorāstu yathā tamaḥ ,
paritāpo'dhvagānāṁ ca rājaso guṇa ucyate.

14. ādityaḥ sattvam uddiṣṭam kucorāḥ tu yathā tamaḥ
paritāpaḥ adhvagānām ca rājasaḥ guṇaḥ ucyate

14. ādityaḥ sattvam uddiṣṭam tu kucorāḥ yathā tamaḥ
ca adhvagānām paritāpaḥ rājasaḥ guṇaḥ ucyate

14. The sun is designated as purity (sattva), but bad thieves are like darkness (tamas). And the suffering of travelers is declared to be the quality of passion (rajas).

Words meanings summery:

• आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - the sun (the sun, son of Aditi)

• सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - the quality of purity (sattva) (goodness, purity, reality, existence, mode of goodness)

• उद्दिष्टम् (uddiṣṭam) - designated, indicated, declared

• कुचोराः (kucorāḥ) - bad thieves, villains

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

• तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness (tamas) (darkness, ignorance, mode of darkness)

• परितापः (paritāpaḥ) - suffering, torment, heat

• अध्वगानाम् (adhvagānām) - of travelers, of wayfarers

• च (ca) - and, also

• राजसः (rājasaḥ) - pertaining to the quality of passion (rajas) (rajasic, pertaining to rajas, passionate)

• गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality (guṇa) (quality, attribute, strand, secondary aspect)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

Words meanings and morphology

आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - the sun (the sun, son of Aditi)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āditya

āditya - sun, son of Aditi, a god

सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - the quality of purity (sattva) (goodness, purity, reality, existence, mode of goodness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - existence, reality, essence, spirit, goodness, purity, the mode of goodness (guṇa)

Root: as (class 2)

उद्दिष्टम् (uddiṣṭam) - designated, indicated, declared

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uddiṣṭa

uddiṣṭa - designated, indicated, named, declared

past passive participle

from root diś with upasarga ud

Prefix: ud

Root: diś (class 6)

कुचोराः (kucorāḥ) - bad thieves, villains

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kucora

kucora - bad thief, villain

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ku+cora)

• ku – bad, evil, contemptible
  indeclinable
• cora – thief, robber
  noun (masculine)
  Root: cur (class 10)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness (tamas) (darkness, ignorance, mode of darkness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, ignorance, distress, the mode of darkness (guṇa)

परितापः (paritāpaḥ) - suffering, torment, heat

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paritāpa

paritāpa - suffering, torment, distress, intense heat

Prefix: pari

Root: tap (class 1)

अध्वगानाम् (adhvagānām) - of travelers, of wayfarers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of adhvagā

adhvagā - traveler, wayfarer

from adhvan (path) + gā (going)

Compound type : upapada (adhvan+gā)

• adhvan – path, road, journey
  noun (masculine)
• gā – going, moving
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun from gam
  from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

राजसः (rājasaḥ) - pertaining to the quality of passion (rajas) (rajasic, pertaining to rajas, passionate)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājasa

rājasa - passionate, fiery, pertaining to rajas

from rajas (dust, passion)

गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality (guṇa) (quality, attribute, strand, secondary aspect)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, strand (of prakṛti), secondary quality, merit

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)