महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-9, verse-4

यां रात्रिं जायते पापो यां च रात्रिं विनश्यति ।
एतस्मिन्नन्तरे यद्यत्सुकृतं तस्य भारत ।
यच्च तस्य हुतं किंचित्सर्वं तस्योपहन्यते ॥४॥

4. yāṁ rātriṁ jāyate pāpo yāṁ ca rātriṁ vinaśyati ,
etasminnantare yadyatsukṛtaṁ tasya bhārata ,
yacca tasya hutaṁ kiṁcitsarvaṁ tasyopahanyate.

4. yām rātrim jāyate pāpaḥ yām ca rātrim
vinaśyati etasmin antare yat yat
sukṛtam tasya bhārata yat ca tasya
hutam kiṃcit sarvam tasya upahanyate

4. bhārata pāpaḥ yām rātrim jāyate ca
yām rātrim vinaśyati etasmin antare
tasya yat yat sukṛtam ca yat kiṃcit
tasya hutam sarvam tasya upahanyate

4. O Bharata, whatever good deeds that sinner performs in the span between the night he is born and the night he dies, and whatever little Vedic fire ritual (homa) he has performed – all of that is destroyed for him.

Words meanings summery:

• याम् (yām) - which, in which

• रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, comes into being

• पापः (pāpaḥ) - sinner, wicked person

• याम् (yām) - which, in which

• च (ca) - and

• रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night

• विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes, dies, is destroyed

• एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - in this

• अन्तरे (antare) - Between birth and death. (in the interim, in the interval, between)

• यत् (yat) - whatever, which

• यत् (yat) - whatever, which

• सुकृतम् (sukṛtam) - good deed, virtuous act

• तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the sinner (pāpaḥ). (his, of him)

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressed to Yudhishthira. (O Bharata, O descendant of Bharata)

• यत् (yat) - what, whatever

• च (ca) - and

• तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the sinner (pāpaḥ). (his, of him)

• हुतम् (hutam) - Referring to offerings in a Vedic fire ritual (homa). (offered (into fire), sacrificed)

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - whatever, something, a little

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - Refers to all good deeds and offerings. (all, everything)

• तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the sinner (pāpaḥ). (his, of him)

• उपहन्यते (upahanyate) - is destroyed, is struck down, is hindered

Words meanings and morphology

याम् (yām) - which, in which

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Used as a relative pronoun modifying 'rātrim'.

रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

Note: Accusative of time, 'during which night'.

जायते (jāyate) - is born, comes into being

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (Laṭ) of jan

Present Middle

Present tense (Laṭ) 3rd person singular middle (Ātmanepada) of root jan (class 4).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Intransitive verb.

पापः (pāpaḥ) - sinner, wicked person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, bad, wicked; sin, vice, evil deed; a sinner

याम् (yām) - which, in which

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Used as a relative pronoun modifying 'rātrim'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

Note: Accusative of time, 'during which night'.

विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes, dies, is destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of vi-naś

Present Active

Present tense (Laṭ) 3rd person singular active of root naś (class 4) with upasarga vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Intransitive verb.

एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Agrees with 'antare'.

अन्तरे (antare) - Between birth and death. (in the interim, in the interval, between)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - interior, interval, difference, middle

Note: Often used adverbially.

यत् (yat) - whatever, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

Note: Repetition 'yadyat' emphasizes 'whatever/whichever'.

यत् (yat) - whatever, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

Note: Repetition 'yadyat' emphasizes 'whatever/whichever'.

सुकृतम् (sukṛtam) - good deed, virtuous act

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukṛta

sukṛta - well-done, good deed, virtuous act

Tatpuruṣa compound of su (good) and kṛta (done).

Compound type : tatpurusha (su+kṛta)

• su – good, well, excellent (prefix)
  indeclinable
• kṛta – done, made, performed; deed, act
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used as a substantive, 'a good deed'.

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the sinner (pāpaḥ). (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भारत (bhārata) - Addressed to Yudhishthira. (O Bharata, O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

Patronymic from Bharata.

यत् (yat) - what, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

Note: Correlates with sarvam (all).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the sinner (pāpaḥ). (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हुतम् (hutam) - Referring to offerings in a Vedic fire ritual (homa). (offered (into fire), sacrificed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of huta

huta - offered, sacrificed; an offering (in fire)

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root hu (to offer into fire).

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Used as a substantive, 'an offering'.

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - whatever, something, a little

(indeclinable)

Compound of interrogative pronoun kim and enclitic particle cid. Commonly treated as a single lemma.

Note: Functions as an indefinite pronoun/adjective.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - Refers to all good deeds and offerings. (all, everything)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the sinner (pāpaḥ). (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उपहन्यते (upahanyate) - is destroyed, is struck down, is hindered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (Laṭ) of upa-han

Present Passive

Present tense (Laṭ) 3rd person singular passive of root han (class 2) with upasarga upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: han (class 2)