महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-37, verse-7

अतोऽन्यथा वर्तमानाः सर्वे नार्हन्ति सत्क्रियाम् ।
तस्मान्नित्यं परीक्षेत पुरुषान्प्रणिधाय वै ॥७॥

7. ato'nyathā vartamānāḥ sarve nārhanti satkriyām ,
tasmānnityaṁ parīkṣeta puruṣānpraṇidhāya vai.

7. ataḥ anyathā vartamānāḥ sarve na arhanti satkriyām
tasmāt nityam parīkṣeta puruṣān praṇidhāya vai

7. ataḥ sarve anyathā vartamānāḥ satkriyām na arhanti
tasmāt nityam puruṣān praṇidhāya vai parīkṣeta

7. Therefore, all who behave otherwise do not deserve proper respect. For this reason, one should always carefully examine individuals.

Words meanings summery:

• अतः (ataḥ) - therefore (hence, therefore, from this)

• अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, contrary to (what is proper) (otherwise, in another way, differently)

• वर्तमानाः (vartamānāḥ) - behaving, acting (existing, being, behaving, acting)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (people) (all, every)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - they deserve (they deserve, are worthy of, are able to)

• सत्क्रियाम् (satkriyām) - proper respect, honor (respectful treatment, honor, good deed, hospitality)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - for this reason, therefore (therefore, from that)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always (always, constantly, perpetually)

• परीक्षेत (parīkṣeta) - one should examine (one should examine, investigate, test)

• पुरुषान् (puruṣān) - individuals, persons (men, persons, male beings, the supreme being (puruṣa))

• प्रणिधाय (praṇidhāya) - carefully, with attention, having observed closely (having placed, having applied, having fixed, having paid attention)

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, truly, certainly)

Words meanings and morphology

अतः (ataḥ) - therefore (hence, therefore, from this)

(indeclinable)

अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, contrary to (what is proper) (otherwise, in another way, differently)

(indeclinable)

वर्तमानाः (vartamānāḥ) - behaving, acting (existing, being, behaving, acting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vartamāna

vartamāna - existing, being, acting, present

Present Active Participle

Derived from root vṛt (to be, to exist) with present participle suffix -māna.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sarve puruṣāḥ' implied.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (people) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Refers to 'individuals' (puruṣān) in a general sense.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'arhanti'.

अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - they deserve (they deserve, are worthy of, are able to)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Active Indicative

Root: arh (class 1)

सत्क्रियाम् (satkriyām) - proper respect, honor (respectful treatment, honor, good deed, hospitality)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of satkriyā

satkriyā - good action, proper conduct, respectful treatment, honor, hospitality

Compound of 'sat' (good, true) and 'kriyā' (action, deed).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sat+kriyā)

• sat – good, true, excellent, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle (from as)
  From root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• kriyā – action, deed, ritual
  noun (feminine)
  From root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'arhanti'.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - for this reason, therefore (therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Ablative singular of 'tad', often used adverbially.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always (always, constantly, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'parīkṣeta'.

परीक्षेत (parīkṣeta) - one should examine (one should examine, investigate, test)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative/potential (liṅ) of parīkṣ

Optative/Potential Mood, Ātmanepada

From root īkṣ (to see, to perceive) with prefix pari- (around, thoroughly).

Prefix: pari

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Implies "one should" or "he should".

पुरुषान् (puruṣān) - individuals, persons (men, persons, male beings, the supreme being (puruṣa))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, the (cosmic) person (puruṣa)

Note: Object of 'parīkṣeta'.

प्रणिधाय (praṇidhāya) - carefully, with attention, having observed closely (having placed, having applied, having fixed, having paid attention)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dhā (to place, to put) with prefixes pra- and ni-.

Prefixes: pra+ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, truly, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.