महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-37, verse-3

अपीडयन्भृत्यवर्गमित्येवमनुशुश्रुम ।
पीडयन्भृत्यवर्गं हि आत्मानमपकर्षति ॥३॥

3. apīḍayanbhṛtyavargamityevamanuśuśruma ,
pīḍayanbhṛtyavargaṁ hi ātmānamapakarṣati.

3. apīḍayan bhṛtyavargam iti evam anuśuśruma |
pīḍayan bhṛtyavargam hi ātmānam apakarṣati

3. iti evam anuśuśruma bhṛtyavargam apīḍayan (syāt)
hi bhṛtyavargam pīḍayan ātmānam apakarṣati

3. We have thus heard it said: one should not oppress their retinue. Indeed, by oppressing one's retinue, one diminishes their own self (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• अपीडयन् (apīḍayan) - one who does not oppress (his servants) (not oppressing, one who does not oppress)

• भृत्यवर्गम् (bhṛtyavargam) - group of servants, retinue, dependents

• इति (iti) - thus, in this way, so

• एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

• अनुशुश्रुम (anuśuśruma) - we have heard, we have listened

• पीडयन् (pīḍayan) - one who oppresses (his servants) (oppressing, one who oppresses)

• भृत्यवर्गम् (bhṛtyavargam) - group of servants, retinue, dependents

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - one's own self (self, soul, essence)

• अपकर्षति (apakarṣati) - degrades, pulls down, diminishes

Words meanings and morphology

अपीडयन् (apīḍayan) - one who does not oppress (his servants) (not oppressing, one who does not oppress)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apīḍayan

apīḍayan - not oppressing, one who does not oppress

Present Active Participle

Derived from causative of root √pīḍ (to oppress) with negative prefix 'a-' and suffix śatṛ

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

भृत्यवर्गम् (bhṛtyavargam) - group of servants, retinue, dependents

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhṛtyavarga

bhṛtyavarga - group of servants, retinue, dependents

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhṛtya+varga)

• bhṛtya – servant, dependent, employed
  noun (masculine)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  From √bhṛ (to bear, support)
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)
• varga – group, class, division
  noun (masculine)

इति (iti) - thus, in this way, so

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

अनुशुश्रुम (anuśuśruma) - we have heard, we have listened

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of anuśuśruma

Perfect Tense (Lit)

3rd perfect from √śru with prefix anu-

Prefix: anu

Root: śru (class 5)

पीडयन् (pīḍayan) - one who oppresses (his servants) (oppressing, one who oppresses)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pīḍayan

pīḍayan - oppressing, tormenting

Present Active Participle

Derived from causative of root √pīḍ (to oppress) with suffix śatṛ

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

भृत्यवर्गम् (bhṛtyavargam) - group of servants, retinue, dependents

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhṛtyavarga

bhṛtyavarga - group of servants, retinue, dependents

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhṛtya+varga)

• bhṛtya – servant, dependent, employed
  noun (masculine)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  From √bhṛ (to bear, support)
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)
• varga – group, class, division
  noun (masculine)

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

(indeclinable)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - one's own self (self, soul, essence)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

अपकर्षति (apakarṣati) - degrades, pulls down, diminishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of apakarṣati

Present Tense

Derived from root √kṛṣ with prefix apa-

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)