महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-37, verse-15

यथा श्वा भषितुं चैव हन्तुं चैवावसृज्यते ।
एवं संभाषणार्थाय सर्वशास्त्रवधाय च ।
अल्पश्रुताः कुतर्काश्च दृष्टाः स्पृष्टाः कुपण्डिताः ॥१५॥

15. yathā śvā bhaṣituṁ caiva hantuṁ caivāvasṛjyate ,
evaṁ saṁbhāṣaṇārthāya sarvaśāstravadhāya ca ,
alpaśrutāḥ kutarkāśca dṛṣṭāḥ spṛṣṭāḥ kupaṇḍitāḥ.

15. yathā śvā bhaṣitum ca eva hantum ca eva
avasṛjyate | evam saṃbhāṣaṇa-arthāya
sarva-śāstra-vadhāya ca | alpa-śrutāḥ
kutarkāḥ ca dṛṣṭāḥ spṛṣṭāḥ kupanḍitāḥ

15. yathā śvā bhaṣitum ca eva hantum ca eva avasṛjyate,
evam alpa-śrutāḥ kutarkāḥ ca dṛṣṭāḥ spṛṣṭāḥ kupanḍitāḥ saṃbhāṣaṇa-arthāya ca sarva-śāstra-vadhāya ca

15. Just as a dog is let loose both to bark and to kill, similarly, those poorly educated individuals, sophists, and incompetent scholars—who are commonly encountered—are predisposed to argumentation and the undermining of all scriptures.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• श्वा (śvā) - a dog

• भषितुम् (bhaṣitum) - to bark

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• अवसृज्यते (avasṛjyate) - is predisposed, is active (is let loose, is sent forth)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, similarly

• संभाषण-अर्थाय (saṁbhāṣaṇa-arthāya) - for the purpose of discussion, for argumentation

• सर्व-शास्त्र-वधाय (sarva-śāstra-vadhāya) - for the undermining of all scriptures (for the destruction of all scriptures/knowledge)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अल्प-श्रुताः (alpa-śrutāḥ) - poorly learned, having heard little

• कुतर्काः (kutarkāḥ) - bad logicians, sophists

• च (ca) - and, also

• दृष्टाः (dṛṣṭāḥ) - encountered (seen, observed)

• स्पृष्टाः (spṛṣṭāḥ) - encountered (touched, affected, experienced)

• कुपन्डिताः (kupanḍitāḥ) - bad scholars, pseudo-scholars, incompetent scholars

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

श्वा (śvā) - a dog

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvan

śvan - dog

भषितुम् (bhaṣitum) - to bark

(verb)

infinitive of bhaṣitum

infinitive

root 'bhaṣ' + suffix '-tum'

Root: bhaṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill

(verb)

infinitive of hantum

infinitive

root 'han' + suffix '-tum'

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

अवसृज्यते (avasṛjyate) - is predisposed, is active (is let loose, is sent forth)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of avasṛj

Prefix: ava

Root: sṛj (class 6)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, similarly

(indeclinable)

संभाषण-अर्थाय (saṁbhāṣaṇa-arthāya) - for the purpose of discussion, for argumentation

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of saṃbhāṣaṇa-artha

saṁbhāṣaṇa-artha - purpose of discussion, aim of conversation

Compound type : tatpurusha (saṃbhāṣaṇa+artha)

• saṃbhāṣaṇa – conversation, discussion, speaking together
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  from root 'bhāṣ' with prefix 'sam'
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhāṣ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

सर्व-शास्त्र-वधाय (sarva-śāstra-vadhāya) - for the undermining of all scriptures (for the destruction of all scriptures/knowledge)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of sarva-śāstra-vadha

sarva-śāstra-vadha - destruction of all sciences/scriptures

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+śāstra+vadha)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• śāstra – scripture, treatise, science, sacred text
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śās (class 2)
• vadha – killing, slaughter, destruction, defeat
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vadh (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अल्प-श्रुताः (alpa-śrutāḥ) - poorly learned, having heard little

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of alpa-śruta

alpa-śruta - having heard little, poorly educated

Compound type : bahuvrihi (alpa+śruta)

• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective (masculine)
• śruta – heard, learned, knowledge
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root 'śru'
  Root: śru (class 5)

कुतर्काः (kutarkāḥ) - bad logicians, sophists

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kutarka

kutarka - bad reasoning, false logic, sophist

Compound type : tatpurusha (ku+tarka)

• ku – bad, evil, contemptible
  indeclinable
  prefix
• tarka – reasoning, logic, argument, conjecture
  noun (masculine)
  Root: tark (class 10)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दृष्टाः (dṛṣṭāḥ) - encountered (seen, observed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, visible, known

Past Passive Participle

from root 'dṛś'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

स्पृष्टाः (spṛṣṭāḥ) - encountered (touched, affected, experienced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of spṛṣṭa

spṛṣṭa - touched, encountered, affected by

Past Passive Participle

from root 'spṛś'

Root: spṛś (class 6)

कुपन्डिताः (kupanḍitāḥ) - bad scholars, pseudo-scholars, incompetent scholars

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kupanḍita

kupaṇḍita - bad scholar, pseudo-scholar, shallow learned person

Compound type : tatpurusha (ku+paṇḍita)

• ku – bad, evil, contemptible
  indeclinable
  prefix
• paṇḍita – scholar, learned person, wise man
  noun (masculine)