महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-338, verse-6

उत्सर्गेणापवादेन ऋषिभिः कपिलादिभिः ।
अध्यात्मचिन्तामाश्रित्य शास्त्राण्युक्तानि भारत ॥६॥

6. utsargeṇāpavādena ṛṣibhiḥ kapilādibhiḥ ,
adhyātmacintāmāśritya śāstrāṇyuktāni bhārata.

6. utsargeṇa apavādena ṛṣibhiḥ kapilādibhiḥ
adhyātmacintām āśritya śāstrāṇi uktāni bhārata

6. O Bhārata, the sages, including Kapila and others, have expounded treatises (śāstras) that incorporate both general principles and specific exceptions, all grounded in spiritual contemplation (adhyātmacintā).

Words meanings summery:

• उत्सर्गेण (utsargeṇa) - by means of general principles (by generalization, by general rule, by abandonment)

• अपवादेन (apavādena) - by means of specific exceptions or refutations (by exception, by specific rule, by refutation)

• ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by the ancient wise sages (by sages)

• कपिलादिभिः (kapilādibhiḥ) - by sages such as Kapila (by Kapila and others, by those beginning with Kapila)

• अध्यात्मचिन्ताम् (adhyātmacintām) - reflection upon the supreme self (ātman) (spiritual contemplation, reflection on the self (ātman))

• आश्रित्य (āśritya) - having taken as a basis, grounded in (having resorted to, based on, depending on)

• शास्त्राणि (śāstrāṇi) - philosophical and religious treatises (śāstras) (scriptures, treatises, sciences)

• उक्तानि (uktāni) - have been declared or expounded (spoken, declared, stated)

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (an address to a king or prince) (O Bhārata, descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

उत्सर्गेण (utsargeṇa) - by means of general principles (by generalization, by general rule, by abandonment)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of utsarga

utsarga - general rule, generalization, abandonment, emission

Derived from ut- (prefix) + sṛj (to create, emit)

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

अपवादेन (apavādena) - by means of specific exceptions or refutations (by exception, by specific rule, by refutation)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of apavāda

apavāda - exception, specific rule, refutation, censure

Derived from apa- (prefix) + vad (to speak)

Prefix: apa

Root: vad (class 1)

ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by the ancient wise sages (by sages)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ

कपिलादिभिः (kapilādibhiḥ) - by sages such as Kapila (by Kapila and others, by those beginning with Kapila)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kapilādi

kapilādi - Kapila and others, beginning with Kapila

Compound formed with 'ādi' (etc.)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kapila+ādi)

• kapila – Kapila (name of a sage, founder of Sāṃkhya philosophy)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ādi – beginning, etcetera, and so on
  indeclinable

अध्यात्मचिन्ताम् (adhyātmacintām) - reflection upon the supreme self (ātman) (spiritual contemplation, reflection on the self (ātman))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of adhyātmacintā

adhyātmacintā - spiritual contemplation, reflection on the self (ātman)

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (adhyātma+cintā)

• adhyātma – concerning the self (ātman), spiritual, supreme self
  indeclinable (neuter)
  Compound of adhi + ātman, meaning 'relating to the self'
  Prefix: adhi
• cintā – thought, reflection, contemplation, worry
  noun (feminine)
  From root cit (to perceive, think)
  Root: cit (class 10)

आश्रित्य (āśritya) - having taken as a basis, grounded in (having resorted to, based on, depending on)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from ā- (prefix) + śri (to resort to, cling to) + -tya suffix for absolutive with prefix.

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

शास्त्राणि (śāstrāṇi) - philosophical and religious treatises (śāstras) (scriptures, treatises, sciences)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of śāstra

śāstra - treatise, scripture, science, rule, command

From root śās (to teach, instruct)

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Can be nominative or accusative plural. Here, it is the subject of 'uktāni'.

उक्तानि (uktāni) - have been declared or expounded (spoken, declared, stated)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, declared

past passive participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Acts as a predicate here.

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (an address to a king or prince) (O Bhārata, descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

Derived from Bharata.