महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-338, verse-24

ब्रह्मोवाच ।
बहवः पुरुषाः पुत्र ये त्वया समुदाहृताः ।
एवमेतदतिक्रान्तं द्रष्टव्यं नैवमित्यपि ।
आधारं तु प्रवक्ष्यामि एकस्य पुरुषस्य ते ॥२४॥

24. brahmovāca ,
bahavaḥ puruṣāḥ putra ye tvayā samudāhṛtāḥ ,
evametadatikrāntaṁ draṣṭavyaṁ naivamityapi ,
ādhāraṁ tu pravakṣyāmi ekasya puruṣasya te.

24. brahmā uvāca bahavaḥ puruṣāḥ putra ye
tvayā samudāhṛtāḥ evam etat atikrāntam
draṣṭavyam na evam iti api ādhāram
tu pravakṣyāmi ekasya puruṣasya te

24. brahmā uvāca he putra ye puruṣāḥ tvayā
samudāhṛtāḥ (santi) evam etat atikrāntam
(astīti) na evam iti api draṣṭavyam tu te
(aham) ekasya puruṣasya ādhāram pravakṣyāmi

24. Brahmā said: "O son, concerning the many persons (puruṣas) you spoke of, this understanding is indeed superficial, and they should not be viewed merely in that manner. However, I will now explain to you the fundamental basis of that one supreme person (puruṣa)."

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā (the creator deity)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

• पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - persons, beings, spirits

• पुत्र (putra) - O son

• ये (ye) - who (plural)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• समुदाहृताः (samudāhṛtāḥ) - mentioned, spoken of

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• एतत् (etat) - this

• अतिक्रान्तम् (atikrāntam) - surpassed, gone beyond, superficial

• द्रष्टव्यम् (draṣṭavyam) - should be seen, is to be viewed

• न (na) - not

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• इति (iti) - thus, as such (marks direct or indirect speech)

• अपि (api) - even, also

• आधारम् (ādhāram) - basis, foundation, support

• तु (tu) - but, however

• प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will explain, I will declare

• एकस्य (ekasya) - of one, of a single

• पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of the person, of the being

• ते (te) - to you, for you

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā (the creator deity)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator deity), the Absolute, the ultimate reality

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, abundant

पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - persons, beings, spirits

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - person, man, male, human being, spirit, supreme being

पुत्र (putra) - O son

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

ये (ye) - who (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

समुदाहृताः (samudāhṛtāḥ) - mentioned, spoken of

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samudāhṛta

samudāhṛta - mentioned, stated, cited, declared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root hṛ with prefixes sam and ud

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: hṛ (class 1)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

अतिक्रान्तम् (atikrāntam) - surpassed, gone beyond, superficial

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of atikrānta

atikrānta - surpassed, overcome, passed beyond

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kram with prefix ati

Prefix: ati

Root: kram (class 1)

द्रष्टव्यम् (draṣṭavyam) - should be seen, is to be viewed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of draṣṭavya

draṣṭavya - to be seen, fit to be seen, observable

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

Derived from root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, as such (marks direct or indirect speech)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

आधारम् (ādhāram) - basis, foundation, support

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ādhāra

ādhāra - support, basis, foundation, receptacle

तु (tu) - but, however

(indeclinable)

प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will explain, I will declare

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

एकस्य (ekasya) - of one, of a single

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, a single, unique

पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of the person, of the being

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - person, man, male, human being, spirit, supreme being

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you