महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-298, verse-8

याज्ञवल्क्य उवाच ।
श्रूयतामवनीपाल यदेतदनुपृच्छसि ।
योगानां परमं ज्ञानं सांख्यानां च विशेषतः ॥८॥

8. yājñavalkya uvāca ,
śrūyatāmavanīpāla yadetadanupṛcchasi ,
yogānāṁ paramaṁ jñānaṁ sāṁkhyānāṁ ca viśeṣataḥ.

8. yājñavalkyaḥ uvāca śrūyatām avanīpāla yat etat
anupṛcchasi yogānām paramam jñānam sāṅkhyānām ca viśeṣataḥ

8. yājñavalkyaḥ uvāca.
he avanīpāla,
yat etat anupṛcchasi śrūyatām.
yogānām paramam jñānam,
ca sāṅkhyānām viśeṣataḥ.

8. Yājñavalkya said: O ruler of the earth, listen now to that which you inquire about – the supreme knowledge (jñāna) concerning systems of yoga (yoga), and particularly that of Sāṅkhya.

Words meanings summery:

• याज्ञवल्क्यः (yājñavalkyaḥ) - Yājñavalkya (a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - let it be heard, listen (imperative, passive)

• अवनीपाल (avanīpāla) - O protector of the earth, O king

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• एतत् (etat) - this

• अनुपृच्छसि (anupṛcchasi) - you ask about, you inquire

• योगानाम् (yogānām) - of the yogas, among the systems of yoga (yoga)

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, excellent

• ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge, understanding (jñāna)

• साङ्ख्यानाम् (sāṅkhyānām) - of the Sāṅkhya followers, among Sāṅkhya principles

• च (ca) - and

• विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly

Words meanings and morphology

याज्ञवल्क्यः (yājñavalkyaḥ) - Yājñavalkya (a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yājñavalkya

yājñavalkya - Yājñavalkya (a celebrated Vedic sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - let it be heard, listen (imperative, passive)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Implies "let it be heard by you" or "you should listen".

अवनीपाल (avanīpāla) - O protector of the earth, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of avanīpāla

avanīpāla - protector of the earth, king

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (avanī+pāla)

• avanī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Functions as a relative pronoun, referring to the subsequent knowledge.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to the topic of inquiry.

अनुपृच्छसि (anupṛcchasi) - you ask about, you inquire

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pṛcch

Prefix: anu

Root: pṛch (class 6)

योगानाम् (yogānām) - of the yogas, among the systems of yoga (yoga)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yoga

yoga - union, spiritual discipline, system of philosophy (yoga)

Root: yuj (class 7)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, excellent

(adjective)

neuter, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, most excellent

Note: Agrees with jñānam.

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge, understanding (jñāna)

(noun)

neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, understanding, wisdom (jñāna)

Root: jñā (class 9)

साङ्ख्यानाम् (sāṅkhyānām) - of the Sāṅkhya followers, among Sāṅkhya principles

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sāṅkhya

sāṅkhya - Sāṅkhya (system of philosophy), relating to number or calculation

Note: Refers to the proponents or principles of the Sāṅkhya school.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly

(indeclinable)

suffix -tas forming an adverb