महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-298, verse-20

शब्दः स्पर्शश्च रूपं च रसो गन्धस्तथैव च ।
पञ्चमं सर्गमित्याहुर्भौतिकं भूतचिन्तकाः ॥२०॥

20. śabdaḥ sparśaśca rūpaṁ ca raso gandhastathaiva ca ,
pañcamaṁ sargamityāhurbhautikaṁ bhūtacintakāḥ.

20. śabdaḥ sparśaḥ ca rūpam ca rasaḥ gandhaḥ tathā eva ca
| pañcamam sargam iti āhuḥ bhautikam bhūtacintakāḥ

20. bhūtacintakāḥ śabdaḥ ca sparśaḥ ca rūpam ca rasaḥ ca
gandhaḥ tathā eva ca pañcamam sargam bhautikam iti āhuḥ

20. Sound, touch, form, taste, and also smell—these, the experts on elements (bhūtacintakāḥ) call the fifth creation, which is the material or elemental one (bhautikam).

Words meanings summery:

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound

• स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - touch, contact

• च (ca) - and

• रूपम् (rūpam) - form, appearance, color

• च (ca) - and

• रसः (rasaḥ) - taste, flavor, essence

• गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - smell, odor, fragrance

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, even

• च (ca) - and

• पञ्चमम् (pañcamam) - fifth

• सर्गम् (sargam) - creation, emanation

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• भौतिकम् (bhautikam) - elemental, material, physical

• भूतचिन्तकाः (bhūtacintakāḥ) - thinkers on elements, experts on beings

Words meanings and morphology

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word

स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - touch, contact

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sparśa

sparśa - touch, contact, tactile sense

Derived from root spṛś (to touch).

Root: spṛś (class 6)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

रूपम् (rūpam) - form, appearance, color

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty, color

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

रसः (rasaḥ) - taste, flavor, essence

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rasa

rasa - taste, flavor, essence, juice, emotion

गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - smell, odor, fragrance

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandha

gandha - smell, odor, fragrance

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, indeed, even

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पञ्चमम् (pañcamam) - fifth

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pañcama

pañcama - fifth (ordinal numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'sargam'.

सर्गम् (sargam) - creation, emanation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sarga

sarga - creation, emanation, discharge, chapter

Derived from root sṛj (to create, emit).

Root: sṛj (class 6)

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect indicative (lit) of vac

Root 'vac' (sometimes 'brū') forms 'āhuḥ' in perfect tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Irregular perfect form.

भौतिकम् (bhautikam) - elemental, material, physical

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhautika

bhautika - elemental, material, physical, pertaining to the elements (bhūta)

Derived from 'bhūta' (element).

Note: Agrees with 'sargam'.

भूतचिन्तकाः (bhūtacintakāḥ) - thinkers on elements, experts on beings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhūtacintaka

bhūtacintaka - one who contemplates elements/beings, philosopher of elements

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūta+cintaka)

• bhūta – element, being, creature
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root bhū (to be, become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• cintaka – thinker, contemplator, meditator
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root cint (to think, consider).
  Root: cint (class 10)