महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-298, verse-24

तिर्यक्स्रोतस्त्वधःस्रोत उत्पद्यति नराधिप ।
नवमं सर्गमित्याहुरेतदार्जवकं बुधाः ॥२४॥

24. tiryaksrotastvadhaḥsrota utpadyati narādhipa ,
navamaṁ sargamityāhuretadārjavakaṁ budhāḥ.

24. tiryaksrotas tu adhaḥsrotas utpadyati narādhipa
navamam sargam iti āhuḥ etat ārjavakam budhāḥ

24. narādhipa budhāḥ tiryaksrotas tu adhaḥsrotas
utpadyati etat navamam sargam ārjavakam iti āhuḥ

24. O King, those with an oblique flow (the animals) and those with a downward flow (humans) are produced. The wise ones declare this to be the ninth creation, and they say it is straightforward.

Words meanings summery:

• तिर्यक्स्रोतस् (tiryaksrotas) - referring to animals, whose movement or natural inclination is horizontal or not upward/downward in the spiritual sense (having an oblique flow, those whose course is oblique)

• तु (tu) - and (connecting two categories) (but, indeed, on the other hand, and)

• अधःस्रोतस् (adhaḥsrotas) - referring to humans, whose spiritual inclination or vital energy is often directed downwards, towards worldly objects (having a downward flow, those whose course is downwards)

• उत्पद्यति (utpadyati) - are produced, come into existence (referring to the creation of animals and humans) (is produced, originates, comes into being)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king, addressing Janamejaya (O king, ruler of men)

• नवमम् (navamam) - the ninth (creation) (ninth)

• सर्गम् (sargam) - the creation or emanation (of beings) (creation, emanation, evolution)

• इति (iti) - indicating that the preceding phrase is what the wise ones say (thus, so, in this manner, indicates direct speech or quotation)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - the wise ones (budhāḥ) declare (they say, they declare)

• एतत् (etat) - this (description of the ninth creation) (this)

• आर्जवकम् (ārjavakam) - straightforward, simple (referring to the nature of this creation's description) (straightforwardness, simplicity, honesty, directness)

• बुधाः (budhāḥ) - the ancient sages or knowledgeable persons (wise ones, learned ones)

Words meanings and morphology

तिर्यक्स्रोतस् (tiryaksrotas) - referring to animals, whose movement or natural inclination is horizontal or not upward/downward in the spiritual sense (having an oblique flow, those whose course is oblique)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tiryaksrotas

tiryaksrotas - having an oblique course, moving sideways, referring to animals

Compound: tiryak (oblique) + srotas (stream/flow).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tiryak+srotas)

• tiryak – oblique, horizontal, crosswise, an animal, a beast
  indeclinable
• srotas – stream, current, flow, channel, river
  noun (neuter)
  From root sru (to flow).
  Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Used substantively, referring to 'animals'.

तु (tu) - and (connecting two categories) (but, indeed, on the other hand, and)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

अधःस्रोतस् (adhaḥsrotas) - referring to humans, whose spiritual inclination or vital energy is often directed downwards, towards worldly objects (having a downward flow, those whose course is downwards)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of adhaḥsrotas

adhaḥsrotas - having a downward course, flowing downwards

Compound: adhas (downward) + srotas (stream/flow).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (adhas+srotas)

• adhas – below, downwards, underneath, lower
  indeclinable
• srotas – stream, current, flow, channel, river
  noun (neuter)
  From root sru (to flow).
  Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Used substantively, referring to 'humans'.

उत्पद्यति (utpadyati) - are produced, come into existence (referring to the creation of animals and humans) (is produced, originates, comes into being)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of utpad

Present Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

From root pad (to go, move) with prefix ud. ud-pad forms utpad.

Prefix: ud

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: The form utpadyati is often seen as an active counterpart to the more common middle utpadyate.

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king, addressing Janamejaya (O king, ruler of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler of men, lord of men

Compound: nara (man) + adhipa (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being, person
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• adhipa – lord, ruler, chief
  noun (masculine)
  From adhi (over) + root pā (to protect/govern).
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

नवमम् (navamam) - the ninth (creation) (ninth)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of navama

navama - ninth

Derived from navan (nine) + suffix ma.

Note: Modifies sargam.

सर्गम् (sargam) - the creation or emanation (of beings) (creation, emanation, evolution)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarga

sarga - creation, emanation, evolution, chapter, section

From root sṛj (to let go, create) + suffix a.

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Object of āhuḥ, modified by navamam.

इति (iti) - indicating that the preceding phrase is what the wise ones say (thus, so, in this manner, indicates direct speech or quotation)

(indeclinable)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - the wise ones (budhāḥ) declare (they say, they declare)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of ah

Present or Perfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Irregular perfect/present form of root ah (or brū).

Root: ah (class 2)

एतत् (etat) - this (description of the ninth creation) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one (near speaker)

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the creation itself, or its nature.

आर्जवकम् (ārjavakam) - straightforward, simple (referring to the nature of this creation's description) (straightforwardness, simplicity, honesty, directness)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ārjavaka

ārjavaka - simple, straightforward, honest, candor, rectitude

From ṛju (straight) + aṇ (suffix for abstract noun) ārjava + ka (diminutive/nominalizing suffix).

Note: Predicate adjective for etat.

बुधाः (budhāḥ) - the ancient sages or knowledgeable persons (wise ones, learned ones)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of budha

budha - wise, intelligent, learned person, a sage

From root budh (to know, perceive).

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Subject of āhuḥ.