महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-298, verse-10

अष्टौ प्रकृतयः प्रोक्ता विकाराश्चापि षोडश ।
अथ सप्त तु व्यक्तानि प्राहुरध्यात्मचिन्तकाः ॥१०॥

10. aṣṭau prakṛtayaḥ proktā vikārāścāpi ṣoḍaśa ,
atha sapta tu vyaktāni prāhuradhyātmacintakāḥ.

10. aṣṭau prakṛtayaḥ proktāḥ vikārāḥ ca api ṣoḍaśa
atha sapta tu vyaktāni prāhuḥ adhyātmacintakāḥ

10. aṣṭau prakṛtayaḥ proktāḥ.
ca api ṣoḍaśa vikārāḥ.
atha tu adhyātmacintakāḥ sapta vyaktāni prāhuḥ.

10. Eight fundamental principles (prakṛti) are declared, and also sixteen modifications (vikāra). Furthermore, the philosophers who contemplate the spiritual nature (adhyātmacintaka) assert that there are seven manifest entities.

Words meanings summery:

• अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight

• प्रकृतयः (prakṛtayaḥ) - fundamental natures, primary constituents (prakṛti)

• प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - are declared, are said

• विकाराः (vikārāḥ) - modifications, evolutes, transformations

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• षोडश (ṣoḍaśa) - sixteen

• अथ (atha) - now, then, further

• सप्त (sapta) - seven

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• व्यक्तानि (vyaktāni) - manifest (entities/principles)

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they declare, they say

• अध्यात्मचिन्तकाः (adhyātmacintakāḥ) - philosophers of the Self, thinkers on spiritual matters

Words meanings and morphology

अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight

(numeral)

Note: Dual/Plural form, here used for plural noun.

प्रकृतयः (prakṛtayaḥ) - fundamental natures, primary constituents (prakṛti)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, origin, fundamental principle, primary substance (prakṛti)

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - are declared, are said

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prokta

prokta - declared, said, proclaimed

Past Passive Participle

from pra+vac+kta

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with prakṛtayaḥ.

विकाराः (vikārāḥ) - modifications, evolutes, transformations

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vikāra

vikāra - change, modification, transformation, evolute

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

षोडश (ṣoḍaśa) - sixteen

(numeral)

अथ (atha) - now, then, further

(indeclinable)

सप्त (sapta) - seven

(numeral)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

व्यक्तानि (vyaktāni) - manifest (entities/principles)

(adjective)

neuter, plural of vyakta

vyakta - manifest, evident, distinct, individual (Past Passive Participle used as noun/adjective)

Past Passive Participle

from vi+añj+kta

Prefix: vi

Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Often used substantively to mean 'manifest entities'.

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they declare, they say

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of ah

Perfect Active Indicative

3rd person plural. Often treated as present in meaning.

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: Archaic perfect, used with present meaning.

अध्यात्मचिन्तकाः (adhyātmacintakāḥ) - philosophers of the Self, thinkers on spiritual matters

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of adhyātmacintaka

adhyātmacintaka - one who ponders the supreme spirit (ātman), spiritual philosopher

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (adhyātman+cintaka)

• adhyātman – the supreme spirit, the Self (ātman)
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: adhi
• cintaka – thinker, ponderer
  noun (masculine)
  From root cint + ṇvul
  Root: cit (class 10)