महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-239, verse-12

वायोः स्पर्शो रसोऽद्भ्यश्च ज्योतिषो रूपमुच्यते ।
आकाशप्रभवः शब्दो गन्धो भूमिगुणः स्मृतः ॥१२॥

12. vāyoḥ sparśo raso'dbhyaśca jyotiṣo rūpamucyate ,
ākāśaprabhavaḥ śabdo gandho bhūmiguṇaḥ smṛtaḥ.

12. vāyoḥ sparśaḥ rasaḥ adbhyaḥ ca jyotiṣaḥ rūpam ucyate
ākāśaprabhavaḥ śabdaḥ gandhaḥ bhūmiguṇaḥ smṛtaḥ

12. vāyoḥ sparśaḥ adbhyaḥ rasaḥ ca jyotiṣaḥ rūpam ucyate
ākāśaprabhavaḥ śabdaḥ bhūmiguṇaḥ gandhaḥ smṛtaḥ

12. Touch is from air; taste (rasa) is from water; and form (rūpa) is declared to be that of light (or fire). Sound (śabda) originates from space (ākāśa), while smell (gandha) is remembered as a quality of earth.

Words meanings summery:

• वायोः (vāyoḥ) - of air (as an element) (of air, from air)

• स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - the sense of touch, or the object of touch (touch, contact, feeling)

• रसः (rasaḥ) - the sense of taste, or the object of taste (taste, juice, essence, emotion)

• अद्भ्यः (adbhyaḥ) - from water (as an element) (from waters, by waters)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• ज्योतिषः (jyotiṣaḥ) - of light/fire (as an element) (of light, from light, of fire)

• रूपम् (rūpam) - the sense of sight, or the object of sight (form, appearance, shape, beauty)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is declared (is said, is called, is declared)

• आकाशप्रभवः (ākāśaprabhavaḥ) - originating from space (ākāśa) (originating from space, born from space)

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - the sense of hearing, or the object of hearing (sound) (sound, word, noise)

• गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - the sense of smell, or the object of smell (smell, odor, fragrance)

• भूमिगुणः (bhūmiguṇaḥ) - recognized as a quality of earth (quality of earth, property of earth)

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is considered (a quality) (remembered, considered, declared)

Words meanings and morphology

वायोः (vāyoḥ) - of air (as an element) (of air, from air)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - air, wind, vital breath

Root: vā (class 2)

स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - the sense of touch, or the object of touch (touch, contact, feeling)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sparśa

sparśa - touch, contact, sense of touch, tactile sensation

From root spṛś (to touch)

Root: spṛś (class 6)

रसः (rasaḥ) - the sense of taste, or the object of taste (taste, juice, essence, emotion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rasa

rasa - taste, flavour, juice, essence, fluid, aesthetic emotion

Root: ras (class 1)

अद्भ्यः (adbhyaḥ) - from water (as an element) (from waters, by waters)

(noun)

Ablative, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

Always plural in this meaning

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

ज्योतिषः (jyotiṣaḥ) - of light/fire (as an element) (of light, from light, of fire)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of jyotis

jyotis - light, brilliance, fire, celestial body

Root: dyut (class 1)

रूपम् (rūpam) - the sense of sight, or the object of sight (form, appearance, shape, beauty)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty, image

Root: rūp (class 10)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is declared (is said, is called, is declared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present Passive

From root vac (to speak), ātmanepada, 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

आकाशप्रभवः (ākāśaprabhavaḥ) - originating from space (ākāśa) (originating from space, born from space)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ākāśaprabhava

ākāśaprabhava - originating from space, born from ether

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ākāśa+prabhava)

• ākāśa – space, ether, sky
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kāś (class 1)
• prabhava – origin, source, birth, power
  noun (masculine)
  From pra-bhū (to originate, to be powerful)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Compound word, referring to śabdaḥ

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - the sense of hearing, or the object of hearing (sound) (sound, word, noise)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, speech

Root: śabd (class 1)

गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - the sense of smell, or the object of smell (smell, odor, fragrance)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandha

gandha - smell, odor, fragrance, scent

Root: gandh (class 10)

भूमिगुणः (bhūmiguṇaḥ) - recognized as a quality of earth (quality of earth, property of earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūmiguṇa

bhūmiguṇa - quality of earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+guṇa)

• bhūmi – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• guṇa – quality, attribute, property, excellence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound word, referring to gandhaḥ

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is considered (a quality) (remembered, considered, declared)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, thought of, declared, considered

Past Passive Participle

From root smṛ (to remember)

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Participle functioning as a predicate adjective.