महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-239, verse-1

शुक उवाच ।
अध्यात्मं विस्तरेणेह पुनरेव वदस्व मे ।
यदध्यात्मं यथा चेदं भगवन्नृषिसत्तम ॥१॥

1. śuka uvāca ,
adhyātmaṁ vistareṇeha punareva vadasva me ,
yadadhyātmaṁ yathā cedaṁ bhagavannṛṣisattama.

1. śukaḥ uvāca adhyātmam vistareṇa iha punaḥ eva vadasva
me yat adhyātmam yathā ca idam bhagavan ṛṣisattama

1. śukaḥ uvāca bhagavan ṛṣisattama,
iha punaḥ eva me adhyātmam vistareṇa vadasva,
yat ca idam adhyātmam yathā (asti)

1. Śuka said: "O venerable and best of sages, please explain to me again, in detail, what this spiritual knowledge (adhyātma) is and how it functions."

Words meanings summery:

• शुकः (śukaḥ) - Śuka (the sage, son of Vyasa) (Śuka (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

• अध्यात्मम् (adhyātmam) - spiritual knowledge (related to the self/ātman) (spiritual knowledge, relating to the self)

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail (in detail, extensively)

• इह (iha) - in this matter (here, in this world, in this matter)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only)

• वदस्व (vadasva) - please speak (speak, tell)

• मे (me) - to me (to me, my)

• यत् (yat) - what (this spiritual knowledge is) (which, what)

• अध्यात्मम् (adhyātmam) - spiritual knowledge (related to the self/ātman) (spiritual knowledge, relating to the self)

• यथा (yathā) - how (how, as, in what manner)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• इदम् (idam) - this (spiritual knowledge) (this)

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O venerable one (O venerable one, O blessed one)

• ऋषिसत्तम (ṛṣisattama) - O best of sages

Words meanings and morphology

शुकः (śukaḥ) - Śuka (the sage, son of Vyasa) (Śuka (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuka

śuka - a parrot, proper name Śuka

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (liṭ) of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अध्यात्मम् (adhyātmam) - spiritual knowledge (related to the self/ātman) (spiritual knowledge, relating to the self)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adhyātman

adhyātman - the supreme spirit, spiritual knowledge, relating to the individual soul or self (ātman)

Prefix: adhi

Root: ātman

Note: Direct object of vadasva.

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail (in detail, extensively)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extension, detail, amplification

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Adverbial use.

इह (iha) - in this matter (here, in this world, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

वदस्व (vadasva) - please speak (speak, tell)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of vad

Imperative middle voice of root vad

Root: vad (class 1)

मे (me) - to me (to me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Dative case.

यत् (yat) - what (this spiritual knowledge is) (which, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Refers to adhyātmam.

अध्यात्मम् (adhyātmam) - spiritual knowledge (related to the self/ātman) (spiritual knowledge, relating to the self)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adhyātman

adhyātman - the supreme spirit, spiritual knowledge, relating to the individual soul or self (ātman)

Prefix: adhi

Root: ātman

Note: Subject of an implied 'is'.

यथा (yathā) - how (how, as, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

इदम् (idam) - this (spiritual knowledge) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O venerable one (O venerable one, O blessed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - fortunate, glorious, divine, venerable

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Vocative address.

ऋषिसत्तम (ṛṣisattama) - O best of sages

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ṛṣisattama

ṛṣisattama - best of sages

Compound type : tatpurusha (ṛṣi+sattama)

• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative degree of sat (good, existing)

Note: Vocative address.