महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-7, verse-8

क्लिश्यमानाश्च तैर्नित्यं हन्यमानाश्च भारत ।
स्वकर्मभिर्महाव्यालैर्नोद्विजन्त्यल्पबुद्धयः ॥८॥

8. kliśyamānāśca tairnityaṁ hanyamānāśca bhārata ,
svakarmabhirmahāvyālairnodvijantyalpabuddhayaḥ.

8. kliśyamānāḥ ca taiḥ nityam hanyamānāḥ ca bhārata
svakarmabhiḥ mahāvyālaiḥ na udvijanti alpabuddhayaḥ

8. bhārata,
alpabuddhayaḥ taiḥ svakarmabhiḥ mahāvyālaiḥ nityam kliśyamānāḥ ca hanyamānāḥ ca na udvijanti.

8. O Bhārata, those of limited understanding are not disturbed, even though they are constantly tormented and struck down by their own actions (karma), which are like great serpents.

Words meanings summery:

• क्लिश्यमानाः (kliśyamānāḥ) - being tormented, being afflicted, being distressed

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, perpetually, always

• हन्यमानाः (hanyamānāḥ) - being struck, being killed, being injured

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

• स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - by one's own actions, by one's own deeds

• महाव्यालैः (mahāvyālaiḥ) - Metaphorically referring to svakarmabhiḥ (one's own actions). (by great serpents, by large dangerous snakes)

• न (na) - not, no

• उद्विजन्ति (udvijanti) - they are alarmed, they are disturbed, they tremble

• अल्पबुद्धयः (alpabuddhayaḥ) - those of small intellect, fools, dull-witted

Words meanings and morphology

क्लिश्यमानाः (kliśyamānāḥ) - being tormented, being afflicted, being distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kliśyamāna

kliśyamāna - being tormented, being distressed, being afflicted

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root kliś (class 4, kliśyati) with passive suffix yamāna and present tense indicator ya.

Root: kliś (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

तैः (taiḥ) - by them

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, perpetually, always

(indeclinable)

Often used as an adverb in accusative singular neuter.

Note: Adverbial usage of accusative singular neuter.

हन्यमानाः (hanyamānāḥ) - being struck, being killed, being injured

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hanyamāna

hanyamāna - being struck, being killed, being injured

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root han (class 2, hanti) with passive suffix yamāna and present tense indicator ya.

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - by one's own actions, by one's own deeds

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of svakarma

svakarma - one's own action (karma), one's own duty

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+karma)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun (masculine)
• karma – action, deed, work, ritual action (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ 'to do'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

महाव्यालैः (mahāvyālaiḥ) - Metaphorically referring to svakarmabhiḥ (one's own actions). (by great serpents, by large dangerous snakes)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāvyāla

mahāvyāla - great serpent, large snake, dangerous snake

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+vyāla)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
  From mahat.
• vyāla – serpent, snake, dangerous animal
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

उद्विजन्ति (udvijanti) - they are alarmed, they are disturbed, they tremble

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vij

Present Active Indicative, 3rd person plural

Derived from root vij (class 6, vijati) with upasarga ud.

Prefix: ud

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Root vij is usually ud-vij meaning to be alarmed.

अल्पबुद्धयः (alpabuddhayaḥ) - those of small intellect, fools, dull-witted

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of alpabuddhi

alpabuddhi - small intellect, dull-witted, foolish

Compound noun/adjective.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (alpa+buddhi)

• alpa – small, little, few
  adjective (masculine)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, discernment, perception
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)