महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-7, verse-15

यस्तान्यमयते बुद्ध्या स यन्ता न निवर्तते ।
याम्यमाहू रथं ह्येनं मुह्यन्ते येन दुर्बुधाः ॥१५॥

15. yastānyamayate buddhyā sa yantā na nivartate ,
yāmyamāhū rathaṁ hyenaṁ muhyante yena durbudhāḥ.

15. yaḥ tāni yamayate buddhyā saḥ yantā na nivartate
yāmyam āhuḥ ratham hi enam muhyante yena durbudhāḥ

15. yaḥ buddhyā tāni yamayate,
saḥ yantā na nivartate.
hi enam ratham yāmyam āhuḥ,
yena durbudhāḥ muhyante.

15. He who controls those (senses) with his intellect (buddhi), he is the true controller (yantā) and does not return (to the cycle of transmigration). Indeed, they declare this chariot (body) to be controllable, yet it is by this (chariot) that the foolish are deluded.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

• तानि (tāni) - those

• यमयते (yamayate) - controls, restrains

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by his intellect (buddhi) (by intellect, by understanding)

• सः (saḥ) - he

• यन्ता (yantā) - the true controller (yantā) (controller, charioteer)

• न (na) - not

• निवर्तते (nivartate) - does not return (to the cycle of transmigration) (does not return, does not turn back, ceases to revolve)

• याम्यम् (yāmyam) - to be controlled, manageable, restrainable

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot (body) (chariot)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• एनम् (enam) - this (one)

• मुह्यन्ते (muhyante) - they are deluded, bewildered

• येन (yena) - by which, by whom

• दुर्बुधाः (durbudhāḥ) - the foolish, those with poor intellect

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

तानि (tāni) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'indriyāṇi' (senses) from previous verse.

यमयते (yamayate) - controls, restrains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of yam

Causative

Causative stem of root 'yam' (to restrain), with active voice formation in middle voice ending.

Root: yam (class 1)

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by his intellect (buddhi) (by intellect, by understanding)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, reason, understanding, perception, intelligence

Root: budh

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative pronoun to 'yaḥ'.

यन्ता (yantā) - the true controller (yantā) (controller, charioteer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yantṛ

yantṛ - controller, charioteer, driver, guide

Agent noun

Agent noun from root 'yam'.

Root: yam

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

निवर्तते (nivartate) - does not return (to the cycle of transmigration) (does not return, does not turn back, ceases to revolve)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of nivṛt

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

याम्यम् (yāmyam) - to be controlled, manageable, restrainable

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yāmya

yāmya - to be restrained, controllable, manageable, belonging to Yama

Gerundive (Future Passive Participle)

Derived from root 'yam' (to restrain).

Root: yam

Note: Predicative adjective for 'ratham'.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

Root: ah (class 2)

रथम् (ratham) - chariot (body) (chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

Root: ram

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - this (one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - this, this one

Note: Refers to 'ratham'.

मुह्यन्ते (muhyante) - they are deluded, bewildered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of muh

Root: muh (class 4)

येन (yena) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to 'ratham'.

दुर्बुधाः (durbudhāḥ) - the foolish, those with poor intellect

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of durbudha

durbudha - foolish, ignorant, unintelligent, stupid

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dur+budha)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
• budha – wise, intelligent, learned
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: budh