महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-5, verse-22

एवं स वसते तत्र क्षिप्तः संसारसागरे ।
न चैव जीविताशायां निर्वेदमुपगच्छति ॥२२॥

22. evaṁ sa vasate tatra kṣiptaḥ saṁsārasāgare ,
na caiva jīvitāśāyāṁ nirvedamupagacchati.

22. evam saḥ vasate tatra kṣiptaḥ saṃsārasāgare
na ca eva jīvitāśāyām nirvedam upagacchati

22. saḥ kṣiptaḥ saṃsārasāgare evam vasate tatra
ca eva na jīvitāśāyām nirvedam upagacchati

22. Thus, thrown into the ocean of worldly existence (saṃsāra), he dwells there, yet he does not develop dispassion (nirveda) towards the hope of life.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, in such a way

• सः (saḥ) - referring to the individual in a state of suffering (he, that)

• वसते (vasate) - dwells, lives, resides

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• क्षिप्तः (kṣiptaḥ) - thrown into a difficult situation (thrown, cast, flung)

• संसारसागरे (saṁsārasāgare) - in the ocean of transmigration, in the ocean of worldly existence

• न (na) - negating the action of 'upagacchati' (not, no)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - emphasis (indeed, certainly, only)

• जीविताशायाम् (jīvitāśāyām) - in the hope of life, for the desire to live

• निर्वेदम् (nirvedam) - dispassion or detachment from worldly life's hopes (dispassion, indifference, despair, aversion)

• उपगच्छति (upagacchati) - attains a state of dispassion (approaches, attains, reaches)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, in such a way

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - referring to the individual in a state of suffering (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वसते (vasate) - dwells, lives, resides

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vas

present

ātmanepada

Root: vas (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

क्षिप्तः (kṣiptaḥ) - thrown into a difficult situation (thrown, cast, flung)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣipta

kṣipta - thrown, cast, flung

Past Passive Participle

derived from root kṣip (to throw)

Root: kṣip (class 6)

संसारसागरे (saṁsārasāgare) - in the ocean of transmigration, in the ocean of worldly existence

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃsārasāgara

saṁsārasāgara - ocean of worldly existence, ocean of transmigration

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃsāra+sāgara)

• saṃsāra – worldly existence, transmigration, cycle of birth and death
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root sṛ (to flow) with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• sāgara – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - negating the action of 'upagacchati' (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - emphasis (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

जीविताशायाम् (jīvitāśāyām) - in the hope of life, for the desire to live

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of jīvitāśā

jīvitāśā - hope of life, desire to live

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jīvita+āśā)

• jīvita – life, existence
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (substantivized)
  from root jīv (to live)
  Root: jīv (class 1)
• āśā – hope, desire, expectation
  noun (feminine)
  derived from root aś (to reach, obtain)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: aś (class 5)

निर्वेदम् (nirvedam) - dispassion or detachment from worldly life's hopes (dispassion, indifference, despair, aversion)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirveda

nirveda - dispassion, indifference, despair, aversion

derived from root vid (to know) with prefix nir

Prefix: nis

Root: vid (class 2)

उपगच्छति (upagacchati) - attains a state of dispassion (approaches, attains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of upagam

present

parasmaipada

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)