महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-22, verse-8

एकादश चमूर्जित्वा रक्ष्यमाणं महात्मना ।
सत्यं चिकीर्षता पश्य हतमेनं जयद्रथम् ॥८॥

8. ekādaśa camūrjitvā rakṣyamāṇaṁ mahātmanā ,
satyaṁ cikīrṣatā paśya hatamenaṁ jayadratham.

8. ekādaśa camūḥ jitvā rakṣyamāṇam mahātmanā
satyam cikīrṣatā paśya hatam enam jayadratham

8. paśya hatam enam jayadratham mahātmanā
rakṣyamāṇam satyam cikīrṣatā ekādaśa camūḥ jitvā

8. Behold this slain Jayadratha, whom a great soul (mahātman) was protecting! (This was achieved by one) who, having conquered eleven armies, desired to fulfill his vow.

Words meanings summery:

• एकादश (ekādaśa) - eleven armies (eleven)

• चमूः (camūḥ) - eleven armies (army, host)

• जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered the armies (having conquered, having won)

• रक्ष्यमाणम् (rakṣyamāṇam) - Jayadratha being protected (being protected, being guarded)

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by a great warrior like Karṇa or Droṇa, protecting Jayadratha (by the great-souled one, by the noble one)

• सत्यम् (satyam) - Arjuna's vow to kill Jayadratha by sunset (truth, vow, promise)

• चिकीर्षता (cikīrṣatā) - by Arjuna, wishing to fulfill his vow (by one wishing to do, by one desiring to fulfill)

• पश्य (paśya) - behold, see, look

• हतम् (hatam) - slain (Jayadratha) (slain, killed, struck)

• एनम् (enam) - this (Jayadratha) (this, him, this one)

• जयद्रथम् (jayadratham) - Jayadratha

Words meanings and morphology

एकादश (ekādaśa) - eleven armies (eleven)

(numeral)

Note: Often behaves like an adjective.

चमूः (camūḥ) - eleven armies (army, host)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of camū

camū - army, host, troop

Note: Accusative plural (camūḥ is also nominative singular, but context dictates plural accusative here).

जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered the armies (having conquered, having won)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'ji' with suffix '-tvā'

Root: ji (class 1)

रक्ष्यमाणम् (rakṣyamāṇam) - Jayadratha being protected (being protected, being guarded)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rakṣyamāṇa

rakṣyamāṇa - being protected, being guarded

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root 'rakṣ' with suffix '-māṇa'

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by a great warrior like Karṇa or Droṇa, protecting Jayadratha (by the great-souled one, by the noble one)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, illustrious person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

सत्यम् (satyam) - Arjuna's vow to kill Jayadratha by sunset (truth, vow, promise)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, vow, promise

चिकीर्षता (cikīrṣatā) - by Arjuna, wishing to fulfill his vow (by one wishing to do, by one desiring to fulfill)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of cikīrṣat

cikīrṣat - wishing to do, intending to perform, desiring to fulfill

Present Active Desiderative Participle

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do) in desiderative stem

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

पश्य (paśya) - behold, see, look

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Imperative, Parasmaipada

Root verb, 1st conjugation, Parasmaipada, 2nd person singular imperative

Root: dṛś (class 1)

हतम् (hatam) - slain (Jayadratha) (slain, killed, struck)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, destroyed, struck

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han'

Root: han (class 2)

एनम् (enam) - this (Jayadratha) (this, him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Declined from 'idam', here masculine singular accusative.

जयद्रथम् (jayadratham) - Jayadratha

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jayadratha

jayadratha - Jayadratha (name of a king)

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