महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-22, verse-1

गान्धार्युवाच ।
आवन्त्यं भीमसेनेन भक्षयन्ति निपातितम् ।
गृध्रगोमायवः शूरं बहुबन्धुमबन्धुवत् ॥१॥

1. gāndhāryuvāca ,
āvantyaṁ bhīmasenena bhakṣayanti nipātitam ,
gṛdhragomāyavaḥ śūraṁ bahubandhumabandhuvat.

1. gāndhārī uvāca āvantyam bhīmasenena bhakṣayanti
nipātitam gṛdhragomāyavaḥ śūram bahubandhum abandhuvat

1. gāndhārī uvāca gṛdhragomāyavaḥ bhīmasenena nipātitam
bahubandhum abandhuvat śūram āvantyam bhakṣayanti

1. Gāndhārī said: 'Vultures and jackals are devouring the heroic king of Avanti, who was struck down by Bhīmasena. Though he had many relatives, they consume him as if he were utterly without kin.'

Words meanings summery:

• गान्धारी (gāndhārī) - Gāndhārī (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आवन्त्यम् (āvantyam) - the king of Avanti, or a warrior from Avanti (the one from Avanti (a country/region))

• भीमसेनेन (bhīmasenena) - by Bhīmasena (proper name)

• भक्षयन्ति (bhakṣayanti) - they devour, they eat

• निपातितम् (nipātitam) - fallen down, struck down, killed

• गृध्रगोमायवः (gṛdhragomāyavaḥ) - vultures and jackals

• शूरम् (śūram) - heroic, brave; a hero

• बहुबन्धुम् (bahubandhum) - having many relatives

• अबन्धुवत् (abandhuvat) - like one without relatives, as if kinless

Words meanings and morphology

गान्धारी (gāndhārī) - Gāndhārī (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gāndhārī

gāndhārī - Gāndhārī (wife of Dhṛtarāṣṭra); a woman from Gāndhāra

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of root √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

आवन्त्यम् (āvantyam) - the king of Avanti, or a warrior from Avanti (the one from Avanti (a country/region))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āvantya

āvantya - related to Avanti, a king of Avanti, a warrior from Avanti

Derived from Avanti (a country) with suffix -ya (meaning 'belonging to' or 'descendent of')

भीमसेनेन (bhīmasenena) - by Bhīmasena (proper name)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (a Pāṇḍava prince); having a terrible army

भक्षयन्ति (bhakṣayanti) - they devour, they eat

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhakṣ

Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice of root √bhakṣ

Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

निपातितम् (nipātitam) - fallen down, struck down, killed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nipātita

nipātita - struck down, felled, thrown down, killed

Causative Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √pat (to fall) in causative sense with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `āvantyam` and `śūram`.

गृध्रगोमायवः (gṛdhragomāyavaḥ) - vultures and jackals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gṛdhragomāyu

gṛdhragomāyu - vulture and jackal (as a dvandva compound)

Dvandva compound

Compound type : dvandva (gṛdhra+gomāyu)

• gṛdhra – vulture
  noun (masculine)
• gomāyu – jackal, wolf
  noun (masculine)

शूरम् (śūram) - heroic, brave; a hero

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - hero, warrior, brave, powerful

Note: Agrees with `āvantyam`.

बहुबन्धुम् (bahubandhum) - having many relatives

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bahubandhu

bahubandhu - having many relatives or kinsmen

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+bandhu)

• bahu – many, much, numerous
  adjective
• bandhu – relative, kinsman, friend
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `āvantyam` and `śūram`.

अबन्धुवत् (abandhuvat) - like one without relatives, as if kinless

(indeclinable)

Compound: 'a' (not) + 'bandhu' (relative) + 'vat' (like/as)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bandhu+vat)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• bandhu – relative, kinsman
  noun (masculine)
• vat – like, as, similar to
  indeclinable
  Suffix -vat indicating similarity.