महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-52, verse-11

ऐरावतकुलादेते प्रविष्टा हव्यवाहनम् ।
कौरव्यकुलजान्नागाञ्शृणु मे द्विजसत्तम ॥११॥

11. airāvatakulādete praviṣṭā havyavāhanam ,
kauravyakulajānnāgāñśṛṇu me dvijasattama.

11. airāvatakulāt ete praviṣṭāḥ havyavāhanam
kauravyakulajān nāgān śṛṇu me dvijasattama

11. These (Nagas) from the Airavata lineage entered the sacrificial fire. O best of the twice-born, listen to me now about the Nagas born of the Kauravya family.

11. (אלה) מצאצאי משפחת אַירָאוַטַה נכנסו לאש. הקשב לי עכשיו, הו מיטב הבְּרַהְמִינִים, על הנחשים שנולדו במשפחת קַאוּרַוְיַה.

Words meanings summery:

• ऐरावतकुलात् (airāvatakulāt) - from Airavata's lineage (from the family of Airavata)

• एते (ete) - these (Nagas just listed in 38449) (these (masculine/feminine nominative plural))

• प्रविष्टाः (praviṣṭāḥ) - entered (entered, having entered)

• हव्यवाहनम् (havyavāhanam) - the sacrificial fire (fire (carrier of oblations))

• कौरव्यकुलजान् (kauravyakulajān) - belonging to the Kauravya lineage (born from the Kauravya family)

• नागान् (nāgān) - Nagas (serpents, Nagas)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (to me) (listen, hear)

• मे (me) - from me (to me, from me, my)

• द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best of Brahmins (vocative) (best of twice-born ones)

Words meanings and morphology

ऐरावतकुलात् (airāvatakulāt) - from Airavata's lineage (from the family of Airavata)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of airāvatakula

airāvatakula - Airavata's family/lineage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (airāvata+kula)

• airāvata – belonging to Irāvatī; name of Indra's elephant; a Naga name
  noun (masculine)
• kula – family, lineage, race, clan
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates origin.

एते (ete) - these (Nagas just listed in 38449) (these (masculine/feminine nominative plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the Nagas listed in the previous verse (38449).

प्रविष्टाः (praviṣṭāḥ) - entered (entered, having entered)

(nominal form)

Nominative, masculine, plural of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, having entered, gone into

past passive participle

From `pra-viś` root.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (Nagas).

हव्यवाहनम् (havyavāhanam) - the sacrificial fire (fire (carrier of oblations))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of havyavāhana

havyavāhana - fire, fire-god (carrier of oblations)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (havya+vāhana)

• havya – oblation, offering
  noun (neuter)
  Root: hu (class 3)
• vāhana – vehicle, carrier
  noun (neuter)
  action noun/agent noun
  From vah (to carry)
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Object of `praviṣṭāḥ`.

कौरव्यकुलजान् (kauravyakulajān) - belonging to the Kauravya lineage (born from the Kauravya family)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kauravyakulaja

kauravyakulaja - born from the Kauravya family/lineage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kauravya+kula+ja)

• kauravya – descendant of Kuru; name of a Naga family
  noun (masculine)
• kula – family, lineage, clan
  noun (neuter)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix
  Derived from root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying `nāgān`.

नागान् (nāgān) - Nagas (serpents, Nagas)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - serpent, snake; a Naga

Note: Object of `śṛṇu`.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (to me) (listen, hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śṛ

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Command to the interlocutor.

मे (me) - from me (to me, from me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Used here in the sense of 'from me' or 'what I say'.

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best of Brahmins (vocative) (best of twice-born ones)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best among the twice-born (Brahmins)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born; a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama

Note: Addressed to the listener.

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