महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-34, verse-11

यन्निमित्तं च भविता मोक्षस्तेषां महाभयात् ।
पन्नगानां निबोधध्वं तस्मिन्काले तथागते ॥११॥

11. yannimittaṁ ca bhavitā mokṣasteṣāṁ mahābhayāt ,
pannagānāṁ nibodhadhvaṁ tasminkāle tathāgate.

11. yat nimittam ca bhavitā mokṣaḥ teṣām mahābhayāt
pannagānām nibodhaddhvam tasmin kāle tathāgate

11. O serpents, understand the reason for which their liberation from great fear will come to pass when that destined time arrives.

11. ושמעו, הנחשים, מהי הסיבה שבגללה יגיע שחרורם מהפחד הגדול, כשיגיע אותו זמן.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - for which (reason) (which, for which)

• निमित्तम् (nimittam) - reason, cause (cause, reason, motive)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भविता (bhavitā) - will come to pass (will be, will happen)

• मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - liberation (liberation, release)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (the serpents) (of them)

• महाभयात् (mahābhayāt) - from the great fear (of the serpent sacrifice) (from great fear)

• पन्नगानाम् (pannagānām) - O serpents (vocative sense) (of serpents)

• निबोधद्ध्वम् (nibodhaddhvam) - understand (you all) (know, understand, perceive (2nd pl. imp. middle))

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - at that (in that, at that)

• काले (kāle) - at that time (in time, at time)

• तथागते (tathāgate) - when it has arrived / come to pass (having arrived, come thus, manifested)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - for which (reason) (which, for which)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Acts as an adverbial here, 'whereby', 'for which cause'.

निमित्तम् (nimittam) - reason, cause (cause, reason, motive)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nimitta

nimitta - cause, reason, motive, sign, omen

Prefix: ni

Root: mit (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially with yat to mean "for which reason".

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

भविता (bhavitā) - will come to pass (will be, will happen)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (luṭ) of bhū

future participle

Periphrastic future, 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - liberation (liberation, release)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, release, emancipation

action noun

From √muc (to release) + -sa

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Subject of bhavitā.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (the serpents) (of them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Possessive, "their".

महाभयात् (mahābhayāt) - from the great fear (of the serpent sacrifice) (from great fear)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of mahābhaya

mahābhaya - great fear, great danger

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bhaya)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  From √bhī (to fear) + -a
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Denotes separation or cause of liberation.

पन्नगानाम् (pannagānām) - O serpents (vocative sense) (of serpents)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pannaga

pannaga - serpent, snake (lit. 'moving on the belly')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (panna+ga)

• panna – fallen, descended; a wing; (here implying 'belly' in some interpretations)
  noun
  past participle
  From root √pat (to fall, to fly)
  Root: pat (class 1)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective
  From root √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used here in a vocative sense, common in epic Sanskrit for addressing a group in the genitive case.

निबोधद्ध्वम् (nibodhaddhvam) - understand (you all) (know, understand, perceive (2nd pl. imp. middle))

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of budh

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - at that (in that, at that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Agrees with kāle.

काले (kāle) - at that time (in time, at time)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period

तथागते (tathāgate) - when it has arrived / come to pass (having arrived, come thus, manifested)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of tathāgata

tathāgata - thus come, thus gone, arrived, manifested

past participle

From tathā (thus) + gata (gone, arrived from √gam)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tathā+gata)

• tathā – thus, so
  indeclinable
• gata – gone, arrived, reached (past participle)
  adjective
  past participle
  From root √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with kāle, forming a locative absolute construction ("when that time has arrived").

Previous Verse Next Verse