महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-222, verse-17

ततस्तीक्ष्णार्चिरभ्यागाज्ज्वलितो हव्यवाहनः ।
यत्र शार्ङ्गा बभूवुस्ते मन्दपालस्य पुत्रकाः ॥१७॥

17. tatastīkṣṇārcirabhyāgājjvalito havyavāhanaḥ ,
yatra śārṅgā babhūvuste mandapālasya putrakāḥ.

17. tataḥ tīkṣṇa arciḥ abhyāgāt jvalitaḥ havyavāhanaḥ
yatra śārṅgāḥ babhūvuḥ te mandapālasya putrakāḥ

17. Then, the blazing fire (havyavāhana) with its keen flames approached the place where those young sons of Mandapāla, the Śārṅga birds, were.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• तीक्ष्ण (tīkṣṇa) - sharp, keen, fierce

• अर्चिः (arciḥ) - flame, ray, light

• अभ्यागात् (abhyāgāt) - came near, approached

• ज्वलितः (jvalitaḥ) - blazing, burning, ignited

• हव्यवाहनः (havyavāhanaḥ) - fire, carrier of oblations

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• शार्ङ्गाः (śārṅgāḥ) - the Śārṅga birds, who are the sons of Mandapāla (Śārṅga birds)

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they were, they existed

• ते (te) - they, those

• मन्दपालस्य (mandapālasya) - of Mandapāla

• पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - young sons, little sons

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks sequence of events.

तीक्ष्ण (tīkṣṇa) - sharp, keen, fierce

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, keen, fierce, hot

From root tij (to be sharp)

Root: tij

Note: First part of a descriptive compound (karmadhāraya or bahuvrīhi for 'fire having sharp flames').

अर्चिः (arciḥ) - flame, ray, light

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of arcis

arcis - flame, ray, light

From root arc (to shine, to praise)

Root: arc (class 1)

Note: It forms a compound with tīkṣṇa (tīkṣṇārcis, 'sharp-flamed').

अभ्यागात् (abhyāgāt) - came near, approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyā-gam

Imperfect tense

Third person singular, active voice, from prefixes abhi-ā- and root gam (to go)

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The augmentless 'a' indicates a past tense, often poetic or injunctive.

ज्वलितः (jvalitaḥ) - blazing, burning, ignited

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jvalita

jvalita - blazing, burning, inflamed

Past Passive Participle

From root jval (to blaze, to shine) with suffix -ita

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'havyavāhanaḥ'.

हव्यवाहनः (havyavāhanaḥ) - fire, carrier of oblations

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of havyavāhana

havyavāhana - fire, Agni, carrier of oblations

Compound of havya (oblation) and vāhana (carrier)

Compound type : tatpurusha (havya+vāhana)

• havya – oblation, sacrificial offering
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root hu (to offer) with suffix -ya
  Root: hu (class 3)
• vāhana – carrier, vehicle
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root vah (to carry) with suffix -ana
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'abhyāgāt'.

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

Locative of 'ya' used as an adverb

शार्ङ्गाः (śārṅgāḥ) - the Śārṅga birds, who are the sons of Mandapāla (Śārṅga birds)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śārṅga

śārṅga - Śārṅga (name of a type of bird, generally associated with bows/horns)

From śṛṅga (horn, bow)

Note: Subject of 'babhūvuḥ'.

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they were, they existed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect tense

Third person plural, active voice

Root: bhū (class 1)

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers back to the 'śārṅgāḥ', emphasizing "those" specific sons.

मन्दपालस्य (mandapālasya) - of Mandapāla

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mandapāla

mandapāla - Mandapāla (a sage, father of the Śārṅga birds)

Note: Possessive, "of Mandapāla".

पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - young sons, little sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putraka

putraka - little son, young son (diminutive of putra)

Diminutive form of putra with suffix -ka

Note: Apposition to 'śārṅgāḥ' and 'te'.