महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-162, verse-9

ततः प्रत्यागतप्राणस्तद्बलं बलवान्नृपः ।
सर्वं विसर्जयामास तमेकं सचिवं विना ॥९॥

9. tataḥ pratyāgataprāṇastadbalaṁ balavānnṛpaḥ ,
sarvaṁ visarjayāmāsa tamekaṁ sacivaṁ vinā.

9. tataḥ pratyāgataprāṇaḥ tat balam balavān nṛpaḥ
sarvam visarjayām āsa tam ekam sacivam vinā

9. After that, the powerful king, whose vitality had returned, dismissed his entire army, keeping only one minister.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• प्रत्यागतप्राणः (pratyāgataprāṇaḥ) - whose life has returned, revived

• तत् (tat) - that

• बलम् (balam) - army (army, force, strength)

• बलवान् (balavān) - powerful, strong

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - entire (all, entire)

• विसर्जयाम् (visarjayām) - dismissing (part of periphrastic perfect)

• आस (āsa) - was, he was

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• एकम् (ekam) - one, a single

• सचिवम् (sacivam) - minister (minister, companion)

• विना (vinā) - except for (without, except for)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Formed from pronoun tad + tas suffix.

प्रत्यागतप्राणः (pratyāgataprāṇaḥ) - whose life has returned, revived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyāgataprāṇa

pratyāgataprāṇa - one whose breath/life has returned

Bahuvrīhi compound: pratyāgata (returned) + prāṇa (breath/life). pratyāgata is a Past Passive Participle from root gam with prefixes prati and ā.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pratyāgata+prāṇa)

• pratyāgata – returned, come back
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam (to go) with prefixes prati and ā, and kta suffix.
  Prefixes: prati+ā
  Root: gam (class 1)
• prāṇa – breath, life, vital air
  noun (masculine)
  From root an (to breathe) with prefix pra.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Modifies nṛpaḥ.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Modifies balam.

बलम् (balam) - army (army, force, strength)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force

Root: bal (class 1)

Note: Object of dismissal.

बलवान् (balavān) - powerful, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - strong, powerful, mighty

From bala (strength) + matup suffix.

Note: Modifies nṛpaḥ.

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, protector of men

Compound of nṛ (man) and pa (protector, from root pā).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ (class 1)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Agentive suffix from root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - entire (all, entire)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

Note: Modifies balam.

विसर्जयाम् (visarjayām) - dismissing (part of periphrastic perfect)

(indeclinable)

Periphrastic Perfect

From causal of root sṛj (sarj) with prefix vi, and ām suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

आस (āsa) - was, he was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of as

Past Perfect

Root as, perfect 3rd singular active.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Forms the periphrastic perfect verb visarjayām āsa.

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him

Note: Object of vinā, refers to the minister.

एकम् (ekam) - one, a single

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies sacivam.

सचिवम् (sacivam) - minister (minister, companion)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saciva

saciva - companion, assistant, minister

From saha (with) + root ci (to gather, observe).

Prefix: sa

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Used with vinā.

विना (vinā) - except for (without, except for)

(indeclinable)

Preposition governing accusative, instrumental, or ablative.

Note: Governs tam ekam sacivam.