महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-162, verse-3

तं हि दृष्ट्वा महेष्वासं निरश्वं पतितं क्षितौ ।
बभूव सोऽस्य सचिवः संप्रदीप्त इवाग्निना ॥३॥

3. taṁ hi dṛṣṭvā maheṣvāsaṁ niraśvaṁ patitaṁ kṣitau ,
babhūva so'sya sacivaḥ saṁpradīpta ivāgninā.

3. tam hi dṛṣṭvā mahā-īṣv-āsam nir-aśvam patitam kṣitau
| babhūva saḥ asya sacivaḥ sam-pradīptaḥ iva agninā

3. Indeed, upon seeing him, the great archer (maheṣvāsa), fallen on the ground and without his horse, his minister became as if inflamed with fire.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• महा-ईष्व्-आसम् (mahā-īṣv-āsam) - the great archer, one with a great bow

• निर्-अश्वम् (nir-aśvam) - horseless, dismounted

• पतितम् (patitam) - fallen, descended

• क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground, on the earth

• बभूव (babhūva) - became, was

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• अस्य (asya) - of him, his

• सचिवः (sacivaḥ) - minister, companion, friend

• सम्-प्रदीप्तः (sam-pradīptaḥ) - thoroughly inflamed, blazing, highly excited

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

• अग्निना (agninā) - by fire

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from root `dṛś` (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

महा-ईष्व्-आसम् (mahā-īṣv-āsam) - the great archer, one with a great bow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahā-īṣv-āsa

mahā-īṣv-āsa - great archer, one with a great bow

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (mahā+īṣv-āsa)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• īṣv-āsa – bow, archer
  noun (masculine)

निर्-अश्वम् (nir-aśvam) - horseless, dismounted

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nir-aśva

nir-aśva - horseless, dismounted

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (nis+aśva)

• nis – without, out of
  indeclinable
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

पतितम् (patitam) - fallen, descended

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, thrown down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `pat` (to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kṣiti

kṣiti - earth, ground, land

बभूव (babhūva) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अस्य (asya) - of him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

सचिवः (sacivaḥ) - minister, companion, friend

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saciva

saciva - minister, companion, friend

सम्-प्रदीप्तः (sam-pradīptaḥ) - thoroughly inflamed, blazing, highly excited

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sam-pradīpta

sam-pradīpta - thoroughly inflamed, blazing, highly excited, ablaze

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `dīp` (to shine, burn) with prefixes `sam-` and `pra-`

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: dīp (class 4)

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

अग्निना (agninā) - by fire

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire