महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-162, verse-15

तथा तु नियतात्मानं स तं नृपतिसत्तमम् ।
आबभाषे स धर्मात्मा तस्यैवार्थचिकीर्षया ॥१५॥

15. tathā tu niyatātmānaṁ sa taṁ nṛpatisattamam ,
ābabhāṣe sa dharmātmā tasyaivārthacikīrṣayā.

15. tathā tu niyatātmānam sa tam nṛpatisattamam
ābabhāṣe sa dharmātmā tasya eva arthacikīrṣayā

15. Thus, that righteous soul (dharmātmā), desiring only his welfare, spoke to that best among kings who had such a disciplined mind (niyatātmānam).

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, however, moreover

• नियतात्मानम् (niyatātmānam) - to the one with a controlled self (ātman)/mind

• स (sa) - he, that

• तम् (tam) - to him, that (accusative)

• नृपतिसत्तमम् (nṛpatisattamam) - to the best among kings, to the foremost king

• आबभाषे (ābabhāṣe) - spoke, addressed

• स (sa) - he, that

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous soul, one whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteousness

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, very

• अर्थचिकीर्षया (arthacikīrṣayā) - with the desire to do good, for the sake of his welfare

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - indeed, but, however, moreover

(indeclinable)

नियतात्मानम् (niyatātmānam) - to the one with a controlled self (ātman)/mind

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niyatātman

niyatātman - one whose self (ātman) or mind is controlled, self-controlled, disciplined

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (niyata+ātman)

• niyata – restrained, controlled, disciplined, fixed
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root yam (to restrain) with prefix ni + kta suffix
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, mind, essence
  noun (masculine)

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तम् (tam) - to him, that (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नृपतिसत्तमम् (nṛpatisattamam) - to the best among kings, to the foremost king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpatisattama

nṛpatisattama - best among kings, foremost ruler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpati+sattama)

• nṛpati – king, lord of men, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent, pre-eminent
  adjective (masculine)

आबभाषे (ābabhāṣe) - spoke, addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of bhāṣ

Prefix: ā

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous soul, one whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous soul, one whose nature (dharma) is justice or virtue

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, virtue, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, very

(indeclinable)

अर्थचिकीर्षया (arthacikīrṣayā) - with the desire to do good, for the sake of his welfare

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of arthacikīrṣā

arthacikīrṣā - desire for a purpose, desire to do good, wish for welfare

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+cikīrṣā)

• artha – purpose, aim, object, welfare, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• cikīrṣā – desire to do, intention to act
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative Noun
  Desiderative nominalization from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)