महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-162, verse-13

नक्तंदिनमथैकस्थे स्थिते तस्मिञ्जनाधिपे ।
अथाजगाम विप्रर्षिस्तदा द्वादशमेऽहनि ॥१३॥

13. naktaṁdinamathaikasthe sthite tasmiñjanādhipe ,
athājagāma viprarṣistadā dvādaśame'hani.

13. naktamdinam atha ekasthe sthite tasmin janādhipe
atha ājagāma viprarṣiḥ tadā dvādaśame ahani

13. While that king remained alone, fixed in one place day and night, the brahmin sage then arrived on the twelfth day.

Words meanings summery:

• नक्तम्दिनम् (naktamdinam) - day and night, perpetually

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• एकस्थे (ekasthe) - in one place, solitary, alone (locative of 'ekastha')

• स्थिते (sthite) - being, remaining, staying (locative of 'sthita')

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, to that

• जनाधिपे (janādhipe) - in the lord of men, in the king (locative of 'janādhipa')

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• आजगाम (ājagāma) - came, arrived

• विप्रर्षिः (viprarṣiḥ) - brahmin sage, holy seer

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• द्वादशमे (dvādaśame) - on the twelfth

• अहनि (ahani) - on the day

Words meanings and morphology

नक्तम्दिनम् (naktamdinam) - day and night, perpetually

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of naktamdinam

naktamdinam - day and night, constantly

Compound type : dvandva (nakta+dina)

• nakta – night
  noun (neuter)
• dina – day
  noun (neuter)

Note: Functions adverbially

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

एकस्थे (ekasthe) - in one place, solitary, alone (locative of 'ekastha')

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of ekastha

ekastha - staying in one place, solitary, alone

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (eka+stha)

• eka – one, single, alone, unique
  adjective (masculine)
• stha – standing, staying, situated (suffix)
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

स्थिते (sthite) - being, remaining, staying (locative of 'sthita')

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, situated, existing, firm, present

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root sthā + kta suffix

Root: sthā (class 1)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, to that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

जनाधिपे (janādhipe) - in the lord of men, in the king (locative of 'janādhipa')

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of janādhipa

janādhipa - lord of men, king, ruler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+adhipa)

• jana – man, person, people
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

आजगाम (ājagāma) - came, arrived

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

विप्रर्षिः (viprarṣiḥ) - brahmin sage, holy seer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viprarṣi

viprarṣi - brahmin sage, a sage who is also a brahmin

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vipra+ṛṣi)

• vipra – brahmin, inspired, learned
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

द्वादशमे (dvādaśame) - on the twelfth

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of dvādaśama

dvādaśama - twelfth

अहनि (ahani) - on the day

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ahan

ahan - day