महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-152, verse-17

स तदन्नमुपादाय गतो बकवनं प्रति ।
तेन नूनं भवेदेतत्कर्म लोकहितं कृतम् ॥१७॥

17. sa tadannamupādāya gato bakavanaṁ prati ,
tena nūnaṁ bhavedetatkarma lokahitaṁ kṛtam.

17. saḥ tat annam upādāya gataḥ bakavanam prati
tena nūnam bhavet etat karma lokahitam kṛtam

17. He (Bhīma), having taken that food, went towards Baka's forest. Surely, this action (karma) done by him was for the benefit of the world.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Bhīma (he, that)

• तत् (tat) - referring to the food (that)

• अन्नम् (annam) - the meal prepared for Baka (food, cooked rice)

• उपादाय (upādāya) - having taken, having received

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, went

• बकवनम् (bakavanam) - Baka's forest

• प्रति (prati) - towards, to, against

• तेन (tena) - by Bhīma (by him, with him)

• नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly, indeed

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

• एतत् (etat) - this (deed/action) (this, that)

• कर्म (karma) - Bhīma's act of confronting Baka (action, deed, work (karma))

• लोकहितम् (lokahitam) - beneficial to the world, worldly good

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Bhīma (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तत् (tat) - referring to the food (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with `annam`.

अन्नम् (annam) - the meal prepared for Baka (food, cooked rice)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, corn, rice

Past Passive Participle (from `ad`, to eat) but generally used as a noun.

from root `ad` + `kta` suffix (originally means 'eaten')

Root: ad (class 2)

उपादाय (upādāya) - having taken, having received

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

formed from root `dā` with prefixes `upa` and `ā`

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: dā (class 3)

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, went

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, passed

Past Passive Participle

formed from root `gam` + `kta` suffix

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to `saḥ` (he).

बकवनम् (bakavanam) - Baka's forest

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bakavana

bakavana - forest of Baka, Baka's forest

Tatpurusha compound (Baka + vana)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (baka+vana)

• baka – a crane; name of a demon
  proper noun (masculine)
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
  Root: van (class 1)

Note: Object of motion (with `prati`).

प्रति (prati) - towards, to, against

(indeclinable)

तेन (tena) - by Bhīma (by him, with him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `saḥ` (Bhīma).

नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly, indeed

(indeclinable)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative mood, active voice

root `bhū` -> `bhav` + optative ending

Root: bhū (class 1)

एतत् (etat) - this (deed/action) (this, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this here

Note: Agrees with `karma`.

कर्म (karma) - Bhīma's act of confronting Baka (action, deed, work (karma))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, duty, religious rite (karma)

from root `kṛ` + `manin` suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of `bhavet`.

लोकहितम् (lokahitam) - beneficial to the world, worldly good

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lokahita

lokahita - beneficial to mankind, benevolent, public good

Tatpurusha compound (loka + hita)

Compound type : caturthī-tatpuruṣa or ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (loka+hita)

• loka – world, people, community
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 10)
• hita – beneficial, salutary, good, welfare
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (from `dhā`, to place)
  from root `dhā`
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with `karma`.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, finished

Past Passive Participle

from root `kṛ` + `kta` suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with `karma`.