महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-128, verse-3

तथेत्युक्त्वा तु ते सर्वे रथैस्तूर्णं प्रहारिणः ।
आचार्यधनदानार्थं द्रोणेन सहिता ययुः ॥३॥

3. tathetyuktvā tu te sarve rathaistūrṇaṁ prahāriṇaḥ ,
ācāryadhanadānārthaṁ droṇena sahitā yayuḥ.

3. tathā iti uktvā tu te sarve rathaiḥ tūrṇaṃ prahāriṇaḥ
| ācārya-dhana-dāna-artham droṇena sahitāḥ yayuḥ

3. Having said, 'So be it,' all of them, the swift attackers on their chariots, went forth, accompanied by Drona, for the purpose of presenting the teacher's fee.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotative particle)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• ते (te) - they, those

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots

• तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - swiftly, quickly

• प्रहारिणः (prahāriṇaḥ) - attackers, strikers

• आचार्य-धन-दान-अर्थम् (ācārya-dhana-dāna-artham) - for the purpose of giving the teacher's wealth/fee

• द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Drona

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied by, together with

• ययुः (yayuḥ) - they went

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotative particle)

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root vac ('to speak') + suffix -tvā

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - swiftly, quickly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

From root tvar (to hasten)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially (neuter accusative singular)

प्रहारिणः (prahāriṇaḥ) - attackers, strikers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prahārin

prahārin - striker, assailant, attacker, warrior

From pra- + √hṛ (to strike) + -in

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

आचार्य-धन-दान-अर्थम् (ācārya-dhana-dāna-artham) - for the purpose of giving the teacher's wealth/fee

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ācāryadhanadānārtha

ācāryadhanadānārtha - purpose of giving the teacher's wealth/fee

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ācārya+dhana+dāna+artha)

• ācārya – teacher, preceptor
  noun (masculine)
• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• dāna – giving, gift, offering
  noun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, for the sake of
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'for the purpose of...'

द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Drona

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - a measure of grain, a bucket, name of a celebrated warrior and teacher

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied by, together with

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, attended by, together with, connected with

Past Passive Participle (derived from √sah)

From sa- ('with') + hita ('placed, put')

ययुः (yayuḥ) - they went

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)